Rig Veda 2.2.4: Mandala 2, Sukta 2, Mantra 4
Sukta 2.2
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तमुक्षमाणं रजसि स्व आ दमे चन्द्रमिव सुरुचं ह्वार आ दधुः । पृश्न्याः पतरं चितयन्तमक्षभिः पाथो न पायुं जनसी उभे अनु ॥
Transliteration
tám ukṣámāṇaṃ rájasi svá ā́ dame candrám iva su-rúcaṃ hvāré ā́ dadhuḥ | pṛ́śnyāḥ pátaraṃ citáyantam akṣá-bhiḥ pā́tho ná pāyúṃ jánasī ubhé ánu ||
Translation
彼は自らの中空と住まいにおいて力を増し、人々は囲いの内に、月のごとく清らかに輝く者として据えた。その光線によって、斑の母（プṛシュニー）の翼を呼び覚まし、道の守り手のように、二つの生まれ—天と地—の後に従って、旅の通路を護る。
Word by Word
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उक्षमाणम्sprinkling/bedewing
उक्षमाणम्:
कर्म
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootउक्ष् (धातु, ‘to sprinkle/bedew; to pour’)
रजसिin the mid-air/space (rajas)
रजसि:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वेin his own
स्वे:
अधिकारण
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards; unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दमेin the house/abode
दमे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootदम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘house, abode’)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
चन्द्रम्the shining one; moon (as a comparison)
चन्द्रम्:
कर्म (उपमान-रूपेण)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootचन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
सुरुचम्very bright, of good radiance
सुरुचम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootसुरुच् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fair-brightness’)
ह्वारःthe crooked/hostile one; wile (personified)
ह्वारः:
कर्ता (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः; ‘ह्वारः … दधुः’)
TypeNoun
Rootह्वार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘crookedness/defect; hostile wile’—Vedic)
आunto; forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
दधुःthey have placed/set
दधुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु; ‘to place, put’)
पृश्न्याःof Pṛśnī (the speckled one)
पृश्न्याः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootपृश्नि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘speckled (cow)’; also a divine mother-name)
पतरम्wing/feather
पतरम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपतर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wing/feather’; Vedic)
चितयन्तम्observing, taking note
चितयन्तम्:
कर्म
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootचितय्/चेत् (धातु; ‘to notice, perceive, observe’)
अक्षभिःwith (his) eyes
अक्षभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘eye’; also ‘axle/die’—here ‘eyes’)
पाथःa path/way
पाथः:
—
TypeNoun
Rootपाथस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘path, course; way’)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
पायुम्a protector/guardian
पायुम्:
कर्म (उपमान-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootपायु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘guardian, protector’)
जनसीthe two peoples/kinds (heaven & earth / gods & men)
जनसी:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootजनस्/जनी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘race, creature’; dual ‘the two peoples’)
उभेboth
उभे:
कर्ता
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अनुalong; following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
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