Rig Veda 2.13.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 13, Mantra 3
Sukta 2.13
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Gṛtsamāda) (traditional attribution for RV 2.13)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 2.13; verse-length and cadence consistent)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अन्वेको वदति यद्ददाति तद्रूपा मिनन्तदपा एक ईयते । विश्वा एकस्य विनुदस्तितिक्षते यस्ताकृणोः प्रथमं सास्युक्थ्यः ॥
Transliteration
anvéko vadati yád dadā́ti tád rūpā́ minán tád-apā́ eka īyate | viśvā́ ékasya vi-núdas titikṣate yás tā́kṛṇoḥ prathamáṃ sá āsy ukthyáḥ ||
Translation
人は彼が与えるものを追って告げるが、しかもその贈与の形相を変えてしまう。唯一者はただひとり動く、まさに水が自ら流れるように。唯一者に向けられるあらゆる拒みと突きは、彼によって担われ耐え忍ばれる――諸力を最初に形づくったその者こそ、この讃歌のまことの主題である。
Word by Word
अन्वेकःone after another; each single (one)
अन्वेकः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु + एक (प्रातिपदिक)
वदतिspeaks; says
वदति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√वद् (वदति)
यत्what; that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ददातिgives
ददाति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√दा (ददाति)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
रूपाःforms; appearances
रूपाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
मिनन्तिdiminish; destroy; impair
मिनन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√मि/मिन् (मिनन्ति) ‘क्षय/हिंसा/नाश’
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अपाःthe waters
अपाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअप्/आप् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘जल’
एकःone; single
एकः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
ईयतेgoes; moves
ईयते:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√इ (ईयते) ‘गच्छति’
विश्वाःall
विश्वाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
एकस्यof one (single one)
एकस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
विनुदःthe repeller; the one who drives away
विनुदः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (agent) / Epithet
Rootवि + √नुद् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) ‘अपनुद्/प्रेरय्’
तितिक्षतेendures; bears
तितिक्षते:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√तिज्/तिक्ष् (तितिक्षते) ‘सहते’
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ताकृणोःyou have made; you did
ताकृणोः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (वैदिक रूप) ‘कृणोति’
प्रथमम्first; at first
प्रथमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof this; his
अस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उक्थ्यःworthy of hymn; hymn-worthy
उक्थ्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Noun (epithet)
Rootउक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक) < उक्थ ‘स्तुति’
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