Rig Veda 3.39.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 39, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.39
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for RV 3)
Devata: Indra (with emphasis on dhī/mati as the operative inspired power in the hymn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दिवश्चिदा पूर्व्या जायमाना वि जागृविर्विदथे शस्यमाना । भद्रा वस्त्राण्यर्जुना वसाना सेयमस्मे सनजा पित्र्या धीः ॥
Transliteration
diváś cidā́ pū́rvyā́ jā́yamānā ví jā́gṛvir vidáthe śasyámānā | bhadrā́ vástrāṇy arjúnā vásānā sā́yám asmē saná-jā́ pitryā́ dhī́ḥ ||
Translation
天（divaḥ）よりさえ彼女は生まれる—古くしてなお新たしく。声に出して讃えられるとき、求めの会座（vidatha）において目覚め、ひろがりゆく。吉祥なる明るき衣をまとい、この祖霊より生まれし洞察（dhī）—父祖（pitṛ）において古来のもの—いまここに、われらのものとなる。
Word by Word
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ ‘स्वर्ग’)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय)
आtowards, forth
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पूर्व्याancient, former
पूर्व्या:
कर्तृ (with implied subject ‘धीः’ later)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
जायमानाbeing born, coming into being
जायमाना:
कर्तृ (describing the subject)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootजन् (धातु) + शानच्
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
जागृविःwakeful, vigilant
जागृविः:
कर्तृ (epithet of the subject)
TypeAdjective (participle-like)
Rootजागृ (धातु √जागृ ‘to be awake’) / ‘जागृवस्’ (प्रातिपदिक)
विदथेin the rite/assembly (vidatha)
विदथे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
शस्यमानाbeing praised, being recited
शस्यमाना:
कर्तृ (describing the subject)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootशंस् (धातु) + यमान (मध्य/आत्मनेपद कृदन्त)
भद्राauspicious, good
भद्रा:
कर्म (object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वस्त्राणिgarments
वस्त्राणि:
कर्म (with ‘वसाना’)
TypeNoun
Rootवस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्जुनाbright/white, shining
अर्जुना:
कर्म (object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्जुन (प्रातिपदिक)
वसानाwearing, clothed in
वसाना:
कर्तृ (describing the subject)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootवस् (धातु ‘to wear’) + शानच्
साshe
सा:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इयम्this (one)
इयम्:
कर्तृ (apposition to ‘सा’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मेto us
अस्मे:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सनजाfrom ancient times, of old
सनजा:
—
TypeIndeclinable/Adverbial (Vedic)
Rootसनज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘from of old, primeval’)
पित्र्याancestral, of the fathers
पित्र्या:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘paternal, ancestral’)
धीःthought, insight, sacred inspiration
धीः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक)
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