Rig Veda 1.39.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 39, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.39
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
परा ह यत्स्थिरं हथ नरो वर्तयथा गुरु । वि याथन वनिनः पृथिव्या व्याशाः पर्वतानाम् ॥
Transliteration
parā́ ha yát sthiráṃ hátha náro vartáyathā gurú | ví yāthana vanínaḥ pṛthivyā́ vy ā́śāḥ párvatānām ||
Translation
まことに、汝ら英雄が堅きものを打ち倒し、重き塊を転じて動かすとき、汝らは大地の林叢を押し分け、山々の方位（道筋）を開きひろげる。
Word by Word
पराaway, forth
परा:
उपपद-क्रियाविशेषण (गत्यर्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
हindeed, surely
ह:
सम्बन्ध/उद्गार-निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह (निपात)
यत्what, that which
यत्:
कर्म (यत्… तद्-सम्बन्धे; ‘that which’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्थिरम्firm, fixed
स्थिरम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर (प्रातिपदिक)
हथyou strike, smite
हथ:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
नरःmen, heroes
नरः:
कर्तृ (सम्बोधनार्थे/कर्तृवाचकः)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्तयथyou cause to turn, you roll
वर्तयथ:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्/वर्त् (धातु) + णिच् (कारणार्थक) → वर्तयति
गुरुthe heavy (mass/weight)
गुरु:
कर्म (वर्तयथ… ‘the heavy [thing]’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, asunder
वि:
उपपद-क्रियाविशेषण (विभाग/विसरणे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
याथनyou drive away, repel
याथन:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootयाथय् (धातु; caus./denom. ‘to drive away, repel’)
वनिनःof the wooded one / of the forested (one)
वनिनः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the वनिन्’)
TypeNoun
Rootवनिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिव्याःof the earth
पृथिव्याः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the earth’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
व्याशाःthe expanses, wide stretches
व्याशाः:
कर्तृ/विषय (नामवाचकः—‘the stretches/expanses’)
TypeNoun
Rootव्याश (प्रातिपदिक; ‘expanse, breadth’; RV usage) अथवा वि+अश्/अश्नोति-सम्बद्ध नाम
पर्वतानाम्of the mountains
पर्वतानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of the mountains’)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
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