Rig Veda 10.13.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 13, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.13
Devata: Yama (explicit), Bṛhaspati (explicit), and the Devāḥ as the choosing powers; theme centers on mortality/immortality and sacrifice.
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires verification).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
देवेभ्यः कमवृणीत मृत्युं प्रजायै कममृतं नावृणीत । बृहस्पतिं यज्ञमकृण्वत ऋषिं प्रियां यमस्तन्वं प्रारिरेचीत् ॥
Transliteration
devébhyaḥ kám avṛṇīta mṛtyúṃ pra-jā́yai kám amṛ́taṃ ná avṛṇīta | bṛ́haspátiṃ yajñám akṛṇvata ṛ́ṣiṃ priyā́ṃ yámas tanváṃ prá arirecīt ||
Translation
神々のうち、彼は誰を死のために選び、また子孫のために、誰を不死として選ばなかったのか。彼らはブリハスパティ（Bṛhaspati）を祭祀（yajña）とし、愛しき聖仙（ṛṣi）とした。ヤマ（Yama）はその身を前へと伸べひろげ——死すべき身を定め、聖なる業が成し遂げられ、さらに超えられる場とした。
Word by Word
दे॒वेभ्यःto/for the gods
दे॒वेभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
कम्whom?/what?
कम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
अवृणीतchose
अवृणीत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वृणीते ‘to choose’)
मृत्युम्death
मृत्युम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
प्रजायैfor (his) offspring/creatures
प्रजायै:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
कम्whom?/what?
कम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
अमृतम्immortality
अमृतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत
नnot
न:
(सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अवृणीतchose
अवृणीत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वृणीते ‘to choose’)
बृहस्पतिम्Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootबृहस्पति
यज्ञम्sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
अकृण्वतthey made/appointed
अकृण्वत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करोति ‘to do/make’)
ऋषिम्seer
ऋषिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
प्रियाम्dear, beloved
प्रियाम्:
विशेषण (कर्म) / कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
यमःYama
यमः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootयम
तन्वम्body, person
तन्वम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतनू
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
(क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
अरिरेचीत्set in order/assigned/established
अरिरेचीत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootरीच्/रेच् (Vedic ‘to set in motion/arrange/assign’; with उपसर्ग प्र)
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