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Atharva Veda 6.21.1: Kanda 6, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 21, Mantra 1

Sukta 21

केशवर्धनी औषधिः। इ॒मा यास्ति॒स्रः पृ॑थि॒वीस्तासां॑ ह॒ भूमि॑रुत्त॒मा। तासा॒मधि॑ त्व॒चो अ॒हं भे॑ष॒जं समु॑ जग्रभम्

keśavardhanī́ óṣadhiḥ | imā́ yā́s tisráḥ pṛthivī́s tāsā́ṃ ha bhū́mir uttamā́ | tāsā́m ádhi tváco aháṃ bheṣajáṃ sámu jagrabhám

The Hair-Increaser is a herb. Of these three earths, verily the soil is the highest; from their surface-skin have I wholly taken the remedy.

「毛髪を増す草」ケーシャヴァルダニー(Keśavardhanī)は薬草なり。この三つの大地のうち、まことに土壌こそ最上。われはその表皮より、薬(bheṣaja)をことごとく取り得たり。

केशवर्धनीhair-growing (herb), ‘Keshavardhanī’
केशवर्धनी:
Kartā (वाक्य-आरम्भ में नाम/विशेष्य) / विषय-निर्देशक
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकेश-वर्धनी (प्रातिपदिक; वर्ध्-धातु से निष्पन्न स्त्रीलिङ्ग) अथवा केशवर्धन- (विशेषण) + ई (स्त्री) प्रत्यय
औषधिःherb, medicinal plant
औषधिः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-वाक्य में विधेय/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootऔषधि- (प्रातिपदिक)
इमाःthese
इमाः:
Kartā (याः… तिस्रः… इमाः = ‘these’ as subject)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
याःwhich (who/that)
याः:
Kartā (सम्बन्धवाक्य-प्रवर्तक)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम)
तिस्रःthree
तिस्रः:
Kartā-विशेषण (पृथिवीः का विशेषण)
TypeNumeral/Adjective
Rootत्रि- (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिवीःearths, worlds (earth-realms)
पृथिवीः:
Kartā (सम्बन्धवाक्य का मुख्य कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी- (प्रातिपदिक)
तासाम्of those (of them)
तासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive; ‘of them’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हिindeed, for
हि:
— (वाक्य-सम्बन्धक/बल-प्रदर्शक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
भूमिःthe earth, ground
भूमिः:
Kartā (तासाम्… भूमिः = ‘the earth is…’)
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि- (प्रातिपदिक)
उत्तमाhighest, best
उत्तमा:
Kartā-विशेषण (भूमिः का विधेय-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम- (विशेषण; ‘उद्’ उपसर्ग + तमप्/तम)
तासाम्of those (of them)
तासाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive; ‘of them’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
Adhikaraṇa-सूचक (locative sense: ‘upon/over’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय; here as preverb/preposition)
त्वचःof the skin; of the bark (of the plant)
त्वचः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive; ‘of the skin/bark’)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वच्- (प्रातिपदिक)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Kartā (जग्रभम् का कर्ता)
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम)
भेषजम्remedy, medicine
भेषजम्:
Karma (जग्रभम् का कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभेषज- (प्रातिपदिक)
समुtogether, completely (as preverb)
समु:
— (क्रिया-विशेषक; ‘completely/together’)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग) + उ (वैदिक उपसर्ग-रूप; ‘समु’ = ‘सम्’ का वैदिक रूप)
जग्रभम्I have seized/taken (I took up)
जग्रभम्:
Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु) [परस्मैपद]; उपसर्ग: सम्- (समु)

Rishi: Atharvanic seer tradition for oṣadhi hymns (often anonymous/collective in later indices).

Devata: Oṣadhi (the herb) and Bhūmi/Pṛthivī as source of medicinal power.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh tendencies with prose-like opening label; metrical classification varies due to the initial rubric-like phrase.

Primary: shanta

Secondary: adbhuta

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