Varaha Purana 39.43: Adhyaya 39, Shloka 43

Discrimination of the Three Bodies and the Dharaṇī Vow: A Manual for Dvādaśī Observance

Devanagari script

पुनस्तस्याग्रतः कुम्भान् चतुरः स्थापयेद् बुधः । जलपूर्णान् समाल्यांश्च सितचन्दनलेपितान् ॥ ३९.४३ ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 39.43

Transliteration

punas tasyāgrataḥ kumbhān caturaḥ sthāpayet budhaḥ | jalapūrṇān samālyāṃś ca sita-candana-lepitān || 39.43 ||

Translation

さらにまた、その（儀礼の）前方に、賢者は四つのクンバ（水壺）を据えるべきである。水で満たし、正しく荘厳し、白檀の香泥を塗っておく。

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Word by Word

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति/पुनरावृत्ति (adverb: again)

• तस्य: of him / his
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• अग्रतः: in front (of)
• अग्रतः: अधिकरण (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्रतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक (adverb of place: in front)

• कुम्भान्: pots / jars
• कुम्भान्: कर्म (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• चतुरः: four
• चतुरः: विशेषण (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण

• स्थापयेत्: should place / should set up
• स्थापयेत्: विधेय क्रिया (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; causative sense ‘to cause to stand/place’ (स्थापय-)

• बुधः: the wise man
• बुधः: कर्ता (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• जलपूर्णान्: filled with water
• जलपूर्णान्: विशेषण (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जल-पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (जलेन पूर्णः)

• समाल्यान्: garlanded / adorned
• समाल्यान्: विशेषण (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+आलि (धातु) + य (प्रत्यय) / समाल्य (प्रातिपदिक; PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/क्तवत्-भावे कर्मणि; past passive participle sense), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘garlanded/decorated’

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• सितचन्दनलेपितान्: smeared with white sandal paste
• सितचन्दनलेपितान्: विशेषण (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सित-चन्दन-लेपित (प्रातिपदिक; PPP)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (सितचन्दनेन लेपितः)

Speaker

Varāha

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Vaiṣṇavism
• Ritual Studies

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a procedural snapshot of Purāṇic-era ritual material culture, specifying standardized items (kumbha, water, garlands, sandalwood paste) used to structure a consecrated setting.

Which geographic location is identified?

No explicit geographic location is named in this verse fragment; it functions as a general ritual instruction rather than a site-specific description.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse emphasizes disciplined, careful preparation—an ethic of attentive conduct (ācāra) in formal procedures, framed as the practice of a ‘wise person’ (budhaḥ).