Rig Veda 2.21.2: Mandala 2, Sukta 21, Mantra 2
Sukta 2.21
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभिभुवेऽभिभङ्गाय वन्वतेऽषाळ्हाय सहमानाय वेधसे । तुविग्रये वह्नये दुष्टरीतवे सत्रासाहे नम इन्द्राय वोचत ॥
Transliteration
abhí-bhuve ’bhibháṅgāya vanvaté ’ṣā́ḷhāya sáhamānāya vedháse | tuvigráye váhnaye duṣṭárītave satrā́sāhe náma índrāya vocata ||
Translation
インドラに汝らの敬礼を唱えよ。征服する者、征服する者どもを砕く者。突撃する者、前へと迫る者。屈せぬ者、衝撃を担う者。智ある配剤者。大いなる声の者、火焔を運び駆り立てる者、追い越しがたき者、つねに勝利する者——インドラに帰敬の言葉を告げよ。
Word by Word
अभिभुवेto the overpowering one
अभिभुवे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootअभि-भू (√भू)
अभिभङ्गायto the breaker (of foes)
अभिभङ्गाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootअभि-भञ्ज (√भञ्ज) / प्रातिपदिक: अभिभङ्ग
वन्वते(who) strives / presses on
वन्वते:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Root√वन् (वन्व्) ‘to strive/seek, to win’
अषाळ्हायto the unconquered
अषाळ्हाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: अषाळ्ह (a-√सह/√षह ‘not to be overcome’)
सहमानायto the prevailing/enduring one
सहमानाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√सह ‘to endure, overcome’ → सहमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
वेधसेto the wise ordainer
वेधसे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: वेधस् (from √विध्/√वेध् ‘to work, to arrange; wise/ordainer’)
तुविग्रयेto the very foremost
तुविग्रये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: तुवि-ग्रय (तुवि ‘much, mighty’ + ग्रय ‘foremost’)
वह्नयेto the bearer/impeller
वह्नये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: वह्नि (from √वह् ‘to carry’; ‘bearer, impeller’)
दुष्टरीतवेto the hard-to-surpass one
दुष्टरीतवे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: दुष्-तरीतु (दुष् + √तॄ ‘to cross’; ‘hard to overcome/cross’)
सत्रासाहेto the ever-victorious
सत्रासाहे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: सत्रा-साह (सत्रा ‘always’ + √सह ‘to conquer’)
नमःobeisance
नमः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootप्रातिपदिक: नमस् (from √नम् ‘to bow’)
इन्द्रायto Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootप्रातिपदिक: इन्द्र
वोचतspeak / utter
वोचत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वच् ‘to speak’
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