Rig Veda 2.4.5: Mandala 2, Sukta 4, Mantra 5

Sukta 2.4

Rishi: Gṛtsamada

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ यन्मे अभ्वं वनदः पनन्तोशिग्भ्यो नामिमीत वर्णम् । स चित्रेण चिकिते रंसु भासा जुजुर्वाँ यो मुहुरा युवा भूत् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 2.4.5

Transliteration

ā́ yán me ábhvaṃ vanádaḥ pánanto uśíg-bhyo ná amimīta várṇam | sá citréṇa cikite ráṃsu bhāsā́ jujurvā́n yó muhúr ā́ yúvā bhūt ||

Translation

حينَ قاسَ لي الهادِرونَ السائرونَ في الغاباتِ السَّعةَ واللونَ—كاللهيبِ المتوثّب—عندئذٍ يُدركُ بضيائهِ المتعدّدِ الألوان، مُبتهجًا؛ يهرمُ على الدوام، ثم يعودُ مرارًا وتكرارًا فتىً.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• यत्: which, that
• यत्: Karma (of व॒नदः) / or subject of clause
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मे: for me, to me, my
• मे: Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (contextual: ‘for me / to me’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अभ्वम्: the vast/terrible (thing), the mighty expanse
• अभ्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अभ्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• वनदः: the ‘vanad’ (epithet; the bestower/winner, likely Agni)
• वनदः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वनद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wood/forest-giver’ or ‘winning/pleasing’ in Vedic usage)

• पनन्तः: praising, extolling
• पनन्तः: Kartā (of subordinate action; agreeing with implied plural agents)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √पन् (पनँ/पन॑— ‘to praise, to admire, to extol’)

• उशिग्भ्यः: to/for (or from) the Uśij priests
• उशिग्भ्यः: Apādāna/सम्बन्ध (context: ‘from/for the Uśij-s’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उशिज् (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic class of priests/attendants, ‘Uśij-s’)

• नामिमीत: measured out, apportioned
• नामिमीत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मा (मा॒— ‘to measure’) with reduplication/augmentless perfect-like Vedic form

• वर्णम्: color, appearance, form, lustre
• वर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्रेण: with bright/variegated (means), with wondrous (power)
• चित्रेण: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: चित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• चिकिते: has perceived, has understood
• चिकिते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चित् (चिती/चिकित्— ‘to perceive, to notice, to understand’)

• रंसु: delightful, gladdening
• रंसु: Karma (as predicative/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रंसु (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic adjective ‘glad, delightful’)

• भासा: with light, with radiance
• भासा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: भासा (प्रातिपदिक from √भास् ‘to shine’)

• जुजुर्वान्: ever-aging, wearing (things) down; growing old
• जुजुर्वान्: Kartā (agreeing with यः) / descriptive
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √ज्वर्/√जुर् (Vedic √जुर् ‘to age, to wear out’; intensive/reduplicated participle)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मुहुराः: again and again, repeatedly
• मुहुराः: —
• Type: Indeclinable (Vedic adverbial form)
• Root: मुहुर् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक ‘again and again, repeatedly’)

• युवा: young
• युवा: Kartā (predicate adjective with भूत्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• भूत्: became, came to be
• भूत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भू— ‘to be, become’)