Rig Veda 2.4.5: Mandala 2, Sukta 4, Mantra 5
Sukta 2.4
Rishi: Gṛtsamada
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ यन्मे अभ्वं वनदः पनन्तोशिग्भ्यो नामिमीत वर्णम् । स चित्रेण चिकिते रंसु भासा जुजुर्वाँ यो मुहुरा युवा भूत् ॥
Transliteration
ā́ yán me ábhvaṃ vanádaḥ pánanto uśíg-bhyo ná amimīta várṇam | sá citréṇa cikite ráṃsu bhāsā́ jujurvā́n yó muhúr ā́ yúvā bhūt ||
Translation
यदा मे वनेषु पनन्तः अभ्वं वर्णं च—उशिग्भ्य इव—नामिमीत, तदा स चित्रेण भासा रंसु चिकित्सति। जुजुर्वान् अपि स मुहुर् मुहुर् युवा भवति।
Word by Word
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
यत्which, that
यत्:
Karma (of व॒नदः) / or subject of clause
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मेfor me, to me, my
मे:
Sampradāna/Adhikaraṇa (contextual: ‘for me / to me’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अभ्वम्the vast/terrible (thing), the mighty expanse
अभ्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअभ्व (प्रातिपदिक)
वनदःthe ‘vanad’ (epithet; the bestower/winner, likely Agni)
वनदः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवनद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wood/forest-giver’ or ‘winning/pleasing’ in Vedic usage)
पनन्तःpraising, extolling
पनन्तः:
Kartā (of subordinate action; agreeing with implied plural agents)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√पन् (पनँ/पन॑— ‘to praise, to admire, to extol’)
उशिग्भ्यःto/for (or from) the Uśij priests
उशिग्भ्यः:
Apādāna/सम्बन्ध (context: ‘from/for the Uśij-s’)
TypeNoun
Rootउशिज् (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic class of priests/attendants, ‘Uśij-s’)
नामिमीतmeasured out, apportioned
नामिमीत:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√मा (मा॒— ‘to measure’) with reduplication/augmentless perfect-like Vedic form
वर्णम्color, appearance, form, lustre
वर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चित्रेणwith bright/variegated (means), with wondrous (power)
चित्रेण:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चिकितेhas perceived, has understood
चिकिते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (चिती/चिकित्— ‘to perceive, to notice, to understand’)
रंसुdelightful, gladdening
रंसु:
Karma (as predicative/object)
TypeAdjective
Rootरंसु (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic adjective ‘glad, delightful’)
भासाwith light, with radiance
भासा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootभासा (प्रातिपदिक from √भास् ‘to shine’)
जुजुर्वान्ever-aging, wearing (things) down; growing old
जुजुर्वान्:
Kartā (agreeing with यः) / descriptive
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√ज्वर्/√जुर् (Vedic √जुर् ‘to age, to wear out’; intensive/reduplicated participle)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मुहुराःagain and again, repeatedly
मुहुराः:
—
TypeIndeclinable (Vedic adverbial form)
Rootमुहुर् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक ‘again and again, repeatedly’)
युवाyoung
युवा:
Kartā (predicate adjective with भूत्)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुवन् (प्रातिपदिक)
भूत्became, came to be
भूत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भू— ‘to be, become’)
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