Rig Veda 4.21.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 21, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.21
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
भद्रा ते हस्ता सुकृतोत पाणी प्रयन्तारा स्तुवते राध इन्द्र । का ते निषत्तिः किमु नो ममत्सि किं नोदुदु हर्षसे दातवा उ ॥
Transliteration
bhadrā́ te hástā su-kṛ́totá pāṇī́ práyantārā stuvaté rā́dha indra | kā́ te níṣattiḥ kím u no mamatsi kím nod udu harṣase dātávā u ||
Translation
あなたの両手は吉祥、あなたの掌は巧み、インドラよ――讃える者に歓喜の施しをもたらす。あなたの憩いの座はどこにあるのか。いかにして私たちにおいて喜びを得るのか。何によって高揚し、私たちに与えんとして歓喜するのか。
Word by Word
भद्राःauspicious, gracious
भद्राः:
Kartā (हस्ताः इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you, your
ते:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हस्ताःhands
हस्ताः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
सुकृतःwell-doing, beneficent
सुकृतः:
Kartā (हस्ताः इत्यस्य विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-कृत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; ‘सु’ उपसर्ग + √कृ)
उतand, also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
पाणी(two) hands, palms
पाणी:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रयन्तारःforward-driving, impelling
प्रयन्तारः:
Kartā
TypeAgent-noun (participle-like)
Rootप्र-यन्तृ (कृदन्त; प्र + √या ‘to go’ → यन्तृ ‘goer/driver’)
स्तुवतेto the praiser (one who praises)
स्तुवते:
Sampradāna (यस्य कृते राधः)
TypeVerb
Root√स्तु (स्तवति)
राधःbounty, gift
राधः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
काwhat? which?
का:
Kartā (निषत्तिः इत्यस्य विशेषण-प्रश्नः)
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम)
तेof you, your
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
निषत्तिःsitting down; abode; seat
निषत्तिः:
Kartā/Adhikaraṇa (प्रश्नः: ‘तव निषत्तिः’ = thy sitting/abiding/seat)
TypeNoun (action/result)
Rootनि-षद् (कृदन्त/भाववाचक; नि + √सद् ‘to sit’)
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma (ममत्सि इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootक (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम)
उindeed, then
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ
नःus
नः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
ममत्सिyou exhilarate, you gladden
ममत्सि:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (मदति) / denominative? ‘मम’ intens.?; वैदिक: ममत्सि = ‘thou gladdenest/cheerest’
किम्why? what?
किम्:
Karma (हर्षसे इत्यस्य हेतु/विषयः)
TypePronoun
Rootक
नःour / us
नः:
Sambandha (नोदुदु इत्यत्र ‘our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
उदुदुःhas risen up, has awakened
उदुदुः:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√उद्/√वद्?; वैदिक पाठ: ‘नोदुदु’ इति संधि-रूपम्; पदच्छेदे ‘नः उदुदुः’ (उदुदुः = उद्-√दु/√दुह्?); अर्थतः ‘उदुदुः’ = ‘has risen up/has awakened’ (परिप्रेक्ष्ये: हर्षसे)
हर्षसेyou rejoice, you exult
हर्षसे:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√हृष् (हृष्यति)
दातवेto give, for giving
दातवे:
Sampradāna/Prayojana
TypeInfinitive-like (dative of verbal noun)
Root√दा (ददाति) → दातृ/दातव् (कृदन्त; तुमुन्/दातवे = दातुम्-अर्थे दत्तिव्)
उindeed
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ
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