Valmiki Ramayana 2.112.19: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 112, Shloka 19

पादुकाप्रदानम्

The Gift of the Sandals and Delegated Kingship

Devanagari script

कामाद्वा तात लोभाद्वा मात्रातुभ्यमिदं कृतम्।न तन्मनसि कर्तव्यं वर्तितव्यं च मातृवत्।।2.112.19।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.112.19

Transliteration

kāmād vā tāta lobhād vā mātrā tubhyam idaṃ kṛtam | na tan manasi kartavyaṃ vartitavyaṃ ca mātṛvat || 2.112.19 ||

Translation

わが子よ、愛ゆえであれ欲ゆえであれ、母はおまえのためにそれをしたのだ。心に苦みとして留めず、母として敬い仕えなさい。

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Word by Word

• kāmāt: from desire/affection
• kāmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ (cause)

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (or)

• tāta: dear child
• tāta: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• lobhāt: from greed
• lobhāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lobha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; हेत्वर्थ

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय

• mātrā: by (your) mother
• mātrā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• tubhyam: for you
• tubhyam: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here predicate/subject of kṛtam

• kṛtam: done
• kṛtam: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त; past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; with idam: 'this was done'

• na: not
• na: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; refers to 'that (act/matter)'

• manasi: in (your) mind
• manasi: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• kartavyam: to be done/considered
• kartavyam: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तव्यत्; gerundive/obligation), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'should be done/should be taken' (here: should not be entertained)

• vartitavyam: to be behaved/acted
• vartitavyam: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛt (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (तव्यत्; gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; impersonal obligation

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• mātṛvat: like (one's) mother
• mātṛvat: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: mātṛ + vat (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययवत्)
• Form: तुलनार्थक-अव्यय (indeclinable in -वत्: like/as)

Context

The hosts of sages, siddhas and devarshis watching invisible the two Kakutstha brothers extoled them.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Bharata
• Kaikeyī (implied as 'your mother')

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Mātṛ-dharma and kṣamā: one should not abandon reverence for one’s mother, even when her actions cause harm; duty is maintained without hatred.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma counsels Bharata not to be disturbed or resentful toward Kaikeyī, despite her role in the exile and succession crisis.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forbearance and moral clarity: separating wrongful acts from the enduring obligations of familial respect.