Sukta 100
Sukta 9.100
Pavamāna Soma seer tradition (RV 9.100).
Likely Triṣṭubh; verify by scansion.
This Pavamāna Soma hymn celebrates the living flow of Soma as it is pressed, purified through the woolen filter, and made fit for the gods—especially as the beloved drink of Indra. Using intimate imagery (mothers tending a newborn calf), it portrays purification as both ritual refinement and the unveiling of Soma’s true, radiant form. The hymn culminates in Soma’s cosmic magnitude—surpassing Heaven and Earth and casting off the resisting “cloak”—so the purified stream can empower divine order and human insight.
In this hymn
Addressed to
Mantras
Mantra 1
अभी नवन्ते अद्रुहः प्रियमिन्द्रस्य काम्यम् । वत्सं न पूर्व आयुनि जातं रिहन्ति मातरः ॥
लोग उसकी तरफ झुकते हैं जो धोखा नहीं देता। यह वो चीज़ है जो इन्द्र को पसंद है। जैसे माँ बछड़े को चाटती है, वैसे ही वो उसे प्यार से बना देते हैं।
Mantra 2
पुनान इन्दवा भर सोम द्विबर्हसं रयिम् । त्वं वसूनि पुष्यसि विश्वानि दाशुषो गृहे ॥
सोम, तू खुद को साफ कर और धन ले आ। तू दोनों तरह का धन लाता है, ज़्यादा और पूरा। जो लोग देते हैं, उनके घर में तू सब कुछ भर देता है।
Mantra 3
त्वं धियं मनोयुजं सृजा वृष्टिं न तन्यतुः । त्वं वसूनि पार्थिवा दिव्या च सोम पुष्यसि ॥
तू सोच भेजता है जो दिमाग से जुड़ी हो। जैसे बादल से बारिश आती है, वैसे ही तू सोच भेजता है। तू दुनिया की चीज़ें भी बढ़ाता है, आसमान की भी।
Mantra 4
परि ते जिग्युषो यथा धारा सुतस्य धावति । रंहमाणा व्यव्ययं वारं वाजीव सानसिः ॥
जैसे कोई जीता हुआ घोड़ा दौड़ता है, वैसे ही सोम रस सब तरफ बह रहा है। वो भागता हुआ ऊलन फ़िल्टर से गुज़र जाता है। यह फ़िल्टर कभी खराब नहीं होता। वो एक ताकतवर घोड़ा जैसा है जो रेस जीत रहा है।
Mantra 5
क्रत्वे दक्षाय नः कवे पवस्व सोम धारया । इन्द्राय पातवे सुतो मित्राय वरुणाय च ॥
हे कवि रिशि, सोम रस साफ़ हो के बह रहा है। यह हमारे इरादे और समझ के लिए है। इसको इंद्र के लिए निकाला है, वो पियेंगे। मित्र और वरुण के लिए भी है यह रस।
Mantra 6
पवस्व वाजसातमः पवित्रे धारया सुतः । इन्द्राय सोम विष्णवे देवेभ्यो मधुमत्तमः ॥
सोम रस साफ़ हो के फ़िल्टर से गुज़र रहा है। यह सबसे ज़्यादा जीतने वाला रस है। इंद्र के लिए है, विष्णु के लिए है, और सब भगवानों के लिए है। इसमें शहद जैसी मीठी खुशी है।
Mantra 7
त्वां रिहन्ति मातरो हरिं पवित्रे अद्रुहः । वत्सं जातं न धेनवः पवमान विधर्मणि ॥
माँ जैसे अपने बच्चे को चाट के प्यार करती है, वैसे ही यह ताकतें सोम रस को फ़िल्टर में प्यार से साफ़ कर रही हैं। यह कोई बुरा नहीं मानते, बस प्यार से काम कर रही हैं। सोम रस अपना काम करता रहता है।
Mantra 8
पवमान महि श्रवश्चित्रेभिर्यासि रश्मिभिः । शर्धन्तमांसि जिघ्नसे विश्वानि दाशुषो गृहे ॥
सोम रस बढ़िया नाम ले के चल रहा है। उसकी चमक अलग-अलग रंगों में है। वो आगे बढ़ के अंधेरा मिटा देता है। जो लोग दान देते हैं, उनके घर से बुराई दूर हो जाती है।
Mantra 9
त्वं द्यां च महिव्रत पृथिवीं चाति जभ्रिषे । प्रति द्रापिममुञ्चथाः पवमान महित्वना ॥
पवमान, तुम इतने बड़े हो कि आसमान और धरती दोनों को पकड़ के उनसे भी बढ़ गए हो। तुम्हारी बड़ी ताकत से वो पुरानी चादर जो अंदर से रोके हुए थी, वो अब साफ हो के गिर गई है।
Inside Sukta 100
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
The hymn opens with the faithful, undeceiving powers pressing toward Soma—cherishing and perfecting it like mothers tending a newborn calf, emphasizing careful formation through purification.
- Development
Soma is invoked to flow in a strong stream for human kratu and dakṣa, and to become the drink that empowers Indra while also serving other upholders of order (Mitra–Varuṇa).
- Climax
Soma’s greatness is proclaimed as cosmic: he upholds and exceeds Heaven and Earth and, by his might, throws off the obstructing covering (drāpi), revealing pure potency.
- Where it settles
The hymn settles into the assurance that the purified flow—now unveiled and powerful—stands ready to be offered and to confer strength, clarity, and ordered vitality.
The deity: Soma Pavamāna
- In the VedaHe is addressed as kavi (seer) and as a mighty, wide-vowed force whose purification reveals brilliance and potency.
- Cosmic functionMediator between worlds: through purification and offering, Soma strengthens the gods (notably Indra), sustains ṛta (cosmic order), and renews vitality and inspired speech in the sacrificers.
- Inner significanceThe clarified mind and refined life-force: as Soma is filtered, so consciousness is purified—deception and dullness fall away, and will (kratu) and discernment (dakṣa) become luminous and effective.
The seer
- Pavamāna Soma seer tradition (anonymous/collective)Pavamāna (Soma) hymnist lineages of Mandala 9; specific gotra not securely identifiable for RV 9.100 · Curating and transmitting the Soma-pavamāna corpus: hymns that accompany the pressing and filtration of Soma, blending precise ritual diction with visionary cosmology.
Famous verses
अभी नवन्ते अद्रुहः प्रियमिन्द्रस्य काम्यम् । वत्सं न पूर्व आयुनि जातं रिहन्ति मातरः ॥kratve dakṣāya naḥ kave pavasva soma dhārayā
त्वं द्यां च महिव्रत पृथिवीं चाति जभ्रिषे । प्रति द्रापिममुञ्चथाः पवमान महित्वना ॥Attributes of the deity
- Purifying flow (pavamāna) through the filter
- Beloved, desired drink of Indra
- Seer-like intelligence (kavi)
- Bestower of kratu (purposeful will) and dakṣa (discernment/skill)
- Cosmic magnitude—touching and surpassing Heaven and Earth
- Unveiling power—casting off the obstructing ‘cloak’ (drāpi)
Also by this seer
- Numerous Pavamāna hymns across Rigveda Mandala 9 (Soma Pavate/Pavamāna sections) attributed to multiple seer families in the tradition
- Liturgical shaping of Soma-stotra language used in Soma sacrifices (pressing, straining, and offering sequences)
The rite, step by step
- Soma is pressed from the plant with stones/pressing implements (savana context).
- The expressed juice is mixed and prepared (often with water; later tradition includes milk/curd admixtures depending on rite).
- Soma is strained through the woolen filter (pavitra), becoming ‘pavamāna’—the purified stream.
- The purified Soma is collected in vessels and praised as it ‘runs’ in a steady dhārā (stream).
- Libations are offered to Indra; associated offerings may be directed to Mitra–Varuṇa and other deities per the rite.
- Participants partake according to ritual roles; the hymn functions as an accompaniment to the flowing/filtration moment.
Offerings
- Purified Soma juice (pavamāna) as libation
- Supporting oblations customary to Soma rites (e.g., ghee in fire offerings, where applicable)
Frequently Asked Questions
It praises Soma as he is pressed and purified through the filter, becoming a powerful, shining drink—especially for Indra—and a source of clarity and strength for the worshippers.
The image highlights careful nurturing: just as a calf is lovingly licked into health and form, Soma is refined through ritual purification until his true potency is revealed.
It is a metaphor for removing obstruction and dullness: as Soma is purified, he throws off what resists, revealing a clearer, stronger power that can uplift gods and humans.
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