Character

難敵

दुर्योधनDuryodhana

verses
4,228
books
18
chapters
683
Parent of
Lakshmana
One of
俱卢族
Child of
持國

What the texts say

In the Mahabharata, Duryodhana is named first among the hundred sons of King Dhritarashtra. Mahabharata 1.57.99 Envious of the splendour that Yudhishthira's Rajasuya sacrifice brought, he resolved with Shakuni, king of Gandhara, on a deceitful game of dice. Mahabharata (Gita Press) 1.1.146Mahabharata 1.55.39 He rejected Krishna's plea for peace, which was sought for the welfare of both sides. Mahabharata 1.2.146 Sanjaya tells Dhritarashtra that Duryodhana advanced with the army, placing Bhishma, the principal pillar of the Kauravas, in front. Mahabharata 6.42.2, 6.115.20 Bhima vowed at the dice game to break Duryodhana's thighs with a mace, and his mace later fractured them. Mahabharata 9.57.6, 9.57.44

Where to read

Every verse that names 難敵, book by book.

    • 9.54.3

      三阇耶曰:得近罗摩之后,汝子难敌——渴求战斗——欢然振奋;其臂力雄强,精进勇猛。

    • 9.55.27

      见他高举铁杵,巍然如峰峦耸立的凯拉萨山(Kailāsa),毗摩塞那(Bhīmasena)再度怒火腾起,对兜利约陀那(Duryodhana)开口说道。

    • 7.164.19

      杜尤陀那啊,大王,他驱散那些啖血的食腐者之时,萨提耆又一次迎上前来,并以更迅疾之势向他冲击。

    • 1.2.66.2

      诸位大车战士前来求战,立阵于俱卢之野。俱卢族的拘罗婆亦列阵就位,由难敌(杜尤陀那)为首。

    • 2.1.29.8

      彼等于该处受毗湿摩与安比卡之子礼遇,与难敌等人共居彼处五年。

    • 3.1.18.33

      婆罗门们啊,久远以前,般度五子——以法子为首——与持国之子们、以难敌为首者,彼此对峙相向。

    • 1.7.13

      当俱卢之战既毕,迦乌罗婆与般度诸军的勇士皆战死而各得其归宿;又当持国之子被毗摩之棍击断大腿,哀号倒地之时,德罗那之子阿湿婆他摩自以为可取悦其主,竟斩下熟睡的德劳帕蒂五子之首,携为献礼。然而杜尤陀那谴责此等可憎之行,丝毫不以为喜。

    • 1.8.5

      无敌者由提士提罗的国度曾被狡诈的赌徒夺去;当王权得以复归时,蒙主恩典,那些与都利约陀那结党、因亵触德罗帕蒂王后发髻而折损寿命的邪恶诸王被尽数诛灭,其他人亦因寿命削减而相继死去。

    • 1.13.24

      何必过着堕落的生活,依靠那些你曾试图用火和毒药杀害的人的施舍呢?你也曾侮辱他们的妻子,篡夺他们的王国和财富。

  1. Agni Purana

    16 verses · 3 chapters

    • 1.13.8

      由安毗利迦,毗耶娑生下持国与般度为子;又由甘陀利,持国生下百子,以难敌为首。

    • 1.14.1

      今开第十四章,题为“俱卢与般度族战争之述”。阿耆尼言:由提湿提罗之军与都利约陀那之军同赴俱卢之野(Kurukṣetra);然见毗湿摩、德罗那等长老师尊,彼不与战,以其为师长故。

    • 1.15.14

      他乘坐因陀罗所遣来的战车,与其幼弟一同到达天界。见到都利约陀那等人,又见到婆苏提婆(Vāsudeva),心生欢喜。如此《婆罗多》(Bhārata)已为汝宣说;凡诵读此者,必往天上之界。

Key chapters

The chapters where 難敵 matters most.

  1. Commencement of the Mace-Duel Proceedings

    Mahabharata 9.54 · 33 verses

    Principal challenger who seeks legitimacy and advantage through…

  2. Vāg-yuddha and Nimitta-darśana before the Gadāyuddha (Verbal Duel and Omens)

    Mahabharata 9.55 · 28 verses

    Defiant challenger who dismisses rhetoric and insists on…

  3. Droṇavadha-saṃniveśaḥ: The Convergence Toward Droṇa’s Fall (Book 7, Chapter 164)

    Mahabharata 7.164 · 24 verses

    Kaurava center of gravity in a parallel duel that mirrors the…

  4. Abhimanyu’s Prowess and the Duḥśāsana Engagement

    Mahabharata 7.38 · 15 verses

    Political agitator who converts praise into an accusation to…

  5. The Vow and Terms of the Mace Duel

    Mahabharata 9.31 · 58 verses

    चुनौतीकर्ता

  6. Gadā-yuddhe Bhīma-Duryodhanayoḥ Tumulaḥ Saṃprahāraḥ (Mace-duel’s intense exchange)

    Mahabharata 9.56 · 53 verses

    Primary duelist

  7. Duryodhana’s Final Condition, Lamentation, and the Night’s Report

    Mahabharata 10.9 · 52 verses

    Dying focal point

  8. Dvaipāyana-hrade Duryodhanasya Māyā: Yudhiṣṭhirasya Dharmoktiḥ (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 30)

    Mahabharata 9.30 · 51 verses

    Last Kaurava pillar

  9. Draupadī’s Question in the Assembly

    Mahabharata 2.60 · 12 verses

    Aggressor and political driver who converts dice victory into…

  10. The Search for Duryodhana at Dvaipāyana Lake

    Mahabharata 9.29 · 45 verses

    Defeated king-in-hiding

Key episodes

  1. The Gita Begins: Arjuna's Despair on the Battlefield

    Bhagavad Gita 1-2

  2. The Game of Dice

    Mahabharata 2.53-2.63

  3. Draupadi Dragged into the Assembly

    Mahabharata 2.60-2.63

  4. Bhishma Falls to the Bed of Arrows

    Mahabharata 6.114-6.117

  5. The Mace Duel: Bhima Breaks Duryodhana's Thigh

    Mahabharata 9.54-9.58

Also known to Wikipedia · Wikidata Q1405823