Rig Veda 1.113.11: Mandala 1, Sukta 113, Mantra 11
Sukta 1.113
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditionally for RV 1.113)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ईयुष्टे ये पूर्वतरामपश्यन्व्युच्छन्तीमुषसं मर्त्यासः । अस्माभिरू नु प्रतिचक्ष्याभूदो ते यन्ति ये अपरीषु पश्यान् ॥
Transliteration
īyúṣ ṭe yé pū́rvatārām ápaśyan vyucchántīm uṣásaṁ mártyāsaḥ | asmā́bhir ū́ nú praticákṣyā abhūd ó te yánti yé aparī́ṣu páśyān ||
Translation
เขาทั้งหลายได้ล่วงไปแล้ว—เหล่ามนุษย์ผู้เคยเห็นอรุณก่อนหน้าเมื่อมันรุ่งขึ้น. บัดนี้นางก็ปรากฏแก่เราดุจตอบคืน; แต่ผู้ที่แม้เห็นอยู่ก็ยังอยู่ไกลโพ้นนั้น ย่อมผ่านเลยไป.
Word by Word
ईयुःthey have gone / they went
ईयुः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु) → परस्मैपद परिपूर्ण (इयाय/ईय)
तेthose (men)
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (संबन्ध-सर्वनाम)
पूर्वतराम्earlier / more former
पूर्वतराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तर (तुलनार्थक प्रत्यय)
अपश्यन्they saw
अपश्यन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) (पश्यति)
व्युच्छन्तीम्dawning forth, shining out
व्युच्छन्तीम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootवि + उच्छ् (धातु) / उच्छति ‘to dawn, shine forth’ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
उषसम्Uṣas (Dawn)
उषसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्त्यासःmortals
मर्त्यासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्माभिःby us / with us
अस्माभिः:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
उindeed, just
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
नुnow, then
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (निपात)
प्रतिtowards, in return
प्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
चक्ष्या(our) sight/seeing; visibility
चक्ष्या:
Kartā
TypeNoun (action-noun) / verbal noun
Rootचक्ष् (धातु) ‘to see’ → चक्ष्य (भविष्यत्/विधिलिङ्-आधार) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
अभूत्has become / became
अभूत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
उindeed
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
तेthose
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
यन्तिthey go
यन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) ‘to go’
येwho
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (संबन्ध-सर्वनाम)
अपरीषुin the later (times) / among those that come after
अपरीषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun/Adjective (locative plural)
Rootअपरी (प्रातिपदिक; ‘later/after, coming behind’)
पश्यान्seeing (beholding)
पश्यान्:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Rootदृश् (धातु) → पश्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
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