Rig Veda 1.39.4 — Mandala 1, Sukta 39, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.39
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Maruts/Rudras (collective)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; needs scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नहि वः शत्रुर्विविदे अधि द्यवि न भूम्यां रिशादसः । युष्माकमस्तु तविषी तना युजा रुद्रासो नू चिदाधृषे ॥
Transliteration
náhi vaḥ śátrur vividé ádhi dyávi ná bhū́myāṃ riśādasaḥ | yuṣmā́kam astu táviṣī tánā yujā́ rudrāso nū́ cid ā́dhṛṣe ||
Translation
न हि वः शत्रुर्विविदे अधि द्यवि न भूम्यां, हे रिशादसः। युष्माकमस्तु तविषी तना युजा; रुद्रासो नू चिदाधृषे वयं स्याम।
Word by Word
नहिindeed not / surely not
नहि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनहि (न + हि)
वःof you (pl.)
वः:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
विविदेhas found / has discovered
विविदे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ‘जानने/प्राप्तौ’), वि-
अधिupon / in
अधि:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि
द्यविin heaven / in the sky
द्यवि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (दिव्)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
भूम्याम्on earth
भूम्याम्:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
रिशादसःO harm-destroyers (Rudras/Maruts)
रिशादसः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootरिशादस्
युष्माकम्of you (pl.)
युष्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (possessive)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
अस्तुlet there be / may it be
अस्तु:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (असँ ‘भू’)
तविषीstrength, might
तविषी:
कर्तृ/विधेय (अस्तु-सम्बद्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतविषी
तनाalways / continually
तना:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतना
युजाwith a yokefellow/ally; as a helper
युजा:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental of agent/means) / Adjectival
Rootयुज् (युज्- ‘योजने’)
रुद्रासःthe Rudras
रुद्रासः:
कर्तृ (अधृषे-सम्बद्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
नुnow / indeed
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
चित्even
चित्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्
अधृषेis not dared/overpowered (cannot be assailed)
अधृषे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धृष् (धृषँ ‘साहसे/धर्षणे’) + अ-
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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