Rig Veda 8.73.6 — Mandala 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 6

Sukta 8.73

Rishi: Atri (probable)

Devata: Aśvins

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अश्विना यामहूतमा नेदिष्ठं याम्याप्यम् । अन्ति षद्भूतु वामवः ॥

Transliteration

aśvínā yāmahūtámā nediṣṭháṃ yā́mi ā́pyam | ánti ṣád bhūtu vām ávaḥ ||

Translation

アシュヴィンよ、旅路において最も呼び招かるる者よ。われは汝らの最も近き、親しき臨在へと赴く。汝らの助け、近くしてわれらのうちに据え置かれよ。

Word by Word

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (the twin horsemen)
• अश्विना: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (dual address)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) < अश्व (horse) + -इन्

• याम: come (you two)!
• याम: क्रिया (आह्वान-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) ‘to go/come’

• हूतमा: most-invoked, most-called
• हूतमा: सम्बोधन-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हूतम (कृदन्त/विशेषण) < √ह्वा (ह्वयति) ‘to call’ (PPP) + तमप्

• नेदिष्ठम्: to the nearest (place), most near
• नेदिष्ठम्: कर्म/गन्तव्य (goal as object of motion)
• Type: Adjective (superlative)
• Root: नेदिष्ठ (विशेषण) < न॑दि/न॑द्? actually comparative base ‘near’ (निदि/नेद) + इष्ठ (superlative)

• याम्याप्यम्: reachable by the way/approach, attainable by going
• याम्याप्यम्: कर्म/गन्तव्य-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: याम्याप्य (विशेषण/नपुंसक) < याम्य (belonging to the path/going) + आप्य (reachable/attainable) < आप्/आप्नोति

• अन्ति: near, close
• अन्ति: अधिकरण (स्थान-निर्देशः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्ति (अव्यय) < PIE *h₂enti ‘near, in front’

• सत्: sit (you two), be seated/present
• सत्: क्रिया (आह्वान-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (सीदति) ‘to sit’

• भूतु: let it be
• भूतु: क्रिया (विधि/आशीः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (भवति) ‘to be, become’

• वाम्: of you two / to you two
• वाम्: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (context-dependent)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम) — enclitic gen./dat. dual

• अवः: help, aid, favor
• अवः: कर्तृ/भाव (with भूतु: ‘let (your) help be…’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (नपुंसक/पुं?) ‘help, favor, protection’