Rig Veda 8.73.17: Mandala 8, Sukta 73, Mantra 17

Sukta 8.73

Rishi: Atri (probable, as the hymn repeatedly references Atraye; traditional attribution to Atri or Atris in Aśvin hymns)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable: short refrain-like structure; exact meter requires full hymn scan)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अश्विना सु विचाकशद्वृक्षं परशुमाँ इव । अन्ति षद्भूतु वामवः ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.73.17

Transliteration

aśvinā sú vicā́kaśad vṛkṣáṃ paraśumā́m iva | ánti ṣádbhūtu vāmávaḥ ||

Translation

アシュヴィン双神（Aśvinā）よ、どうかそれが明らかに輝き出でよ——斧を執る者が樹をあらわにするがごとく。汝らの助けが近く、まことに現前せよ。

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Word by Word

• अश्विना: O Aśvins (the twin horsemen)
• अश्विना: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (dual vocative, divine name)
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक) / अश्व (PIE *h₁éḱwos ‘horse’)

• सु: well, thoroughly
• सु: (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सु (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• विचाकशत्: shone forth / became clearly visible
• विचाकशत्: क्रिया (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कश्/कास् (दीप्तौ/प्रकाशने) + वि- (उपसर्ग); ‘विचाकश’ (प्रातिपदिक ‘bright, clear-seeing’) → क्रियापद-रूप

• वृक्षम्: a tree
• वृक्षम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)

• परशुमान्: one bearing an axe
• परशुमान्: कर्ता (उपमान-कर्ता, ‘like one who has an axe’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: परशु-मत् (प्रातिपदिक; -मत् ‘possessing’)

• इव: like, as
• इव: उपमान-निर्देशक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• अन्ति: near, close by
• अन्ति: अधिकरण (स्थान/सामीप्य)
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb/adverb)
• Root: अन्ति

• सत्: sit!
• सत्: क्रिया (आज्ञार्थ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सद् (उपवेशने/आसने)

• भूतु: let it be / may it become
• भूतु: क्रिया (विध्यर्थ/आशीर्लिङ्ग-सदृश आज्ञा)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (सत्तायाम्/भवने)

• वाम्: to you two / of you two
• वाम्: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (context-dependent)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अवः: help, aid, favor
• अवः: कर्ता (with भूतु: ‘let (your) help be…’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘help, favor, protection’)