Rig Veda 8.40.3: Mandala 8, Sukta 40, Mantra 3
Sukta 8.40
Rishi: Nabhāka (traditional)
Devata: Indrāgnī
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; needs metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ता हि मध्यं भराणामिन्द्राग्नी अधिक्षितः । ता उ कवित्वना कवी पृच्छ्यमाना सखीयते सं धीतमश्नुतं नरा नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
Transliteration
tā́ hí mádhyaṃ bhárāṇām indrā́gnī adhikṣitáḥ | tā́ u kavitvanā́ kavī́ pṛcchyámānā sakhīyaté sáṃ dhītám aśnutaṃ nárā nábhantām anyaké samé ||
Translation
その二柱、インドラとアグニとは、奔流と負荷のただ中に確立しておられる。その二人の詩見の賢者（kavī）は、詩と洞見によって問い、友となり、結ばれた思念（dhī）に到る。勇士たちよ、ほかの者どもは同じ野に散り失せよ。
Word by Word
तौthose two (they)
तौ:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
मध्यम्the middle; the midst
मध्यम्:
कर्म / अधिकरण (अर्थानुसार)
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootमध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
भराणाम्of the bearers/supports; of the offerings (contextual)
भराणाम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootभर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भरण’/‘भर’ = bearing, support; also ‘भरा’ as ‘offerings’ in Vedic usage)
इन्द्राग्नीO Indra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (समासः: द्वन्द्व)
अधिक्षितःdwelling over; presiding
अधिक्षितः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective / Participle
Rootअधि + क्षि (धातु ‘क्षि’ = dwell, rule) → ‘अधिक्षित’ (कृदन्त-विशेषण)
तौthose two
तौ:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उand, also
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
कवित्वनाby poetic skill; with poethood
कवित्वना:
करण
TypeNoun (instrumental abstract)
Rootकवित्व (प्रातिपदिक) < कवि
कवीthe two poets/sages
कवी:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
पृच्छ्यमानाbeing asked; when questioned
पृच्छ्यमाना:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple
Rootप्रच्छ् (धातु ‘प्रच्छ्’ = ask) → पृच्छ्यमान (वर्तमान-कर्तरि/कर्मणि कृदन्त; here passive)
सखीयतेbecomes friendly; is allied
सखीयते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसखी (प्रातिपदिक) + य (धातु ‘या/इ’ with denominative/causative-like formation) → सखीयते (आत्मनेपद)
सम्together; completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
धीतम्the hymn/thought
धीतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun / Past participle used as noun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक ‘धीत’ = thought, hymn; or √धी ‘to think’)
अश्नुतम्attain (you two)
अश्नुतम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु ‘अश्’ = attain, reach)
नराO two men/heroic ones
नरा:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
नभन्ताम्let them shine forth / let them burst forth
नभन्ताम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootनभ् (धातु ‘नभ्’ = burst forth, shine; in Vedic also ‘to cloud/cover’ depending on context)
अन्यकेin another (place/way); elsewhere
अन्यके:
अधिकरण
TypeAdjective / Pronoun-like
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + -क (प्रत्यय) → अन्यक
समेin the level place; in union/evenness
समे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun / Adjective used adverbially
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.