Rig Veda 8.19.20: Mandala 8, Sukta 19, Mantra 20
Sukta 8.19
Devata: Agni (invoked as inner force aiding victory over obstruction)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
भद्रं मनः कृणुष्व वृत्रतूर्ये येना समत्सु सासहः । अव स्थिरा तनुहि भूरि शर्धतां वनेमा ते अभिष्टिभिः ॥
Transliteration
bhadráṃ manaḥ kṛṇuṣva vṛtra-tū́rye yéna samátsu sāsáhaḥ | áva sthirā́ tanuhí bhū́ri śárdhatāṃ vanémā te abhiṣṭíbhíḥ ||
Translation
ヴリトラ（Vṛtra）との戦いにおいて、我らの心を吉祥なる善へと整えたまえ。これにより、幾たびの衝突の中で我らが勝ち得るように。多くの敵対の群れを打ち倒し、しかと引き伸ばして固めたまえ。汝の救援によって我らが勝利を得んことを。
Word by Word
भद्रम्auspicious, good
भद्रम्:
कर्म (कृणुष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
मनःmind
मनः:
कर्म (कृणुष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणुष्वmake!, render!
कृणुष्व:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (डुकृञ् करणे)
वृत्रतूर्येin the Vṛtra-battle, in the contest with Vṛtra
वृत्रतूर्ये:
अधिकरण (यत्र/यस्मिन्)
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्रतूर्य- (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्र + तूर्य ‘युद्ध/प्रतिस्पर्धा’)
येनby which
येन:
करण (येन साधनेन)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमत्सु- (प्रातिपदिक; सम् + अत्सु/अत्सु ‘संघर्ष’ → ‘समत्सु’ ‘battle’)
सासहःconquering, overpowering
सासहः:
कर्ता (अभिप्रेतः ‘त्वम्/इन्द्रः’ विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective (participial) / Noun-epithet
Rootसह् (धातु) → सासह्- (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; परिपूर्ण/तीव्र-भाव ‘overpowering’)
अवdown, away; (intensifier with verb)
अव:
(क्रियाविशेषण; तन्/तन्-आदेशार्थे)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग/निपात)
स्थिराःfirm, steadfast (ones)
स्थिराः:
कर्म (तनुहि इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर- (प्रातिपदिक)
तनुहिstretch forth, extend; set in place
तनुहि:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootतन् (तनू विस्तारे)
भूरिmuch, abundant
भूरि:
(परिमाण-विशेषण; शर्धताम् इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable / Adjective used adverbially
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
शर्धताम्of the hosts, of the troops
शर्धताम्:
सम्बन्ध (स्थिराः इत्यस्य—‘of hosts’)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्ध- (प्रातिपदिक ‘troop, host, band’)
वनेमmay we win, may we gain
वनेम:
(मुख्य क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवन् (वनोति ‘to win, gain’)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (अभिष्टिभिः इत्यस्य—‘thy’)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अभिष्टिभिःwith (your) helps, with protections
अभिष्टिभिः:
करण (याभिः सहायैः)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिष्टि- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘help, aid, protection’)
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