Rig Veda 5.8.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 8, Mantra 3
Sukta 5.8
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vasiṣṭha-gotra tradition for much of Maṇḍala 5; hymn 5.8 is Agni-stuti in Vasiṣṭha style)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; standard for many Agni hymns in Maṇḍala 5; requires full hymn metrical scan for certainty)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वामग्ने मानुषीरीळते विशो होत्राविदं विविचिं रत्नधातमम् । गुहा सन्तं सुभग विश्वदर्शतं तुविष्वणसं सुयजं घृतश्रियम् ॥
Transliteration
tvām agne mānuṣīr īḷate viśo hotrā-vidaṁ viviciṁ ratna-dhātamam | guhā santaṁ su-bhaga viśva-darśataṁ tuvi-svaṇasaṁ su-yajaṁ ghṛta-śriyam ||
Translation
アグニよ、人の諸共同体は汝を讃え求める—供犠を知るホートリ（祭官）にして、よく弁別する者、宝を最もよく授ける者を。洞奥にひそむといえど、幸いなる者よ、汝は万象を示す普見の姿。力強い響きをもって祭をよく導き、ギー（酥油）の栄光に輝く。
Word by Word
त्वाम्you (as object)
त्वाम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
मानुषीःhuman (women/folk)
मानुषीः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Noun
Rootमानुषी (प्रातिपदिक; मानुष- < मनु)
ईळतेpraises / invokes
ईळते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootईळ् (धातु) / Vedic īḷ (to praise, invoke)
विशःclans, peoples
विशः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक)
होत्राविदम्knower of the priestly office / of invocation
होत्राविदम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootहोत्रा-विद् (समास; होत्रा + विद् ‘knowing’)
विविचिम्discerning, distinguishing
विविचिम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-विचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘discriminating/choosing’, from √विच्/√विच् ‘to separate, discern’)
रत्नधातमम्most bestowing of treasures
रत्नधातमम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootरत्न-धा-तम (समास; रत्न + √धा ‘to place, bestow’ + तम)
गुहाin secret, hiddenly / in concealment
गुहा:
अधिकारण
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial) / Noun in loc. sense
Rootगुहा (प्रातिपदिक)
सन्तम्being, existing
सन्तम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeParticiple
Rootअस् (धातु) → सन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
सुभगO fortunate one
सुभग:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (vocative)
Rootसु-भग (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well-portioned, fortunate’)
विश्वदर्शतम्visible to all / splendid for all to see
विश्वदर्शतम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व-दर्शत (समास; विश्व + दर्शत ‘visible, splendid’ < √दृश्)
तुविष्वणसम्mighty-sounding, loudly roaring
तुविष्वणसम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootतुवि-स्वनस (समास; तुवि ‘mighty’ + स्वनस ‘sounding/roaring’ < √स्वन्)
सुयजम्well-worshipped / good to sacrifice to
सुयजम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-यज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘easy/good to worship’ < √यज्)
घृतश्रियम्having ghee as splendour / shining with ghee
घृतश्रियम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootघृत-श्री (समास; घृत ‘ghee’ + श्री ‘splendour, prosperity’)
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