Rig Veda 4.20.7: Mandala 4, Sukta 20, Mantra 7
Sukta 4.20
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
न यस्य वर्ता जनुषा न्वस्ति न राधस आमरीता मघस्य । उद्वावृषाणस्तविषीव उग्रास्मभ्यं दद्धि पुरुहूत रायः ॥
Transliteration
ná yásya vartā́ jánuṣā nú asti ná rā́dhasa āmarītā́ mághasya | ud-vā-vṛṣāṇás taviṣī-va ugrā́smábhyaṃ daddhi puru-hūta rā́yaḥ ||
Translation
その行路には限りがない、生まれによっても測られず；施与する者（magha）の恵み（rādhas）もまた尽きない。起ち上がり力を注ぎ出す、抗しがたき威力の勇猛者よ——多く呼ばれる者（puruhūta）よ、われらに豊穣の光（rāyas）を与えたまえ。
Word by Word
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
वर्ताone who turns/acts; a doer/agent (leader)
वर्ता:
Kartā (as subject-noun in clause)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्तृ (√वृत्) / वर्ता (agent noun)
जनुषाby birth; by nature
जनुषा:
Karaṇa (instrument/means) / हेतौ
TypeNoun
Rootजनु (from √जन्)
नुindeed/now
नु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
राधसःof bounty; of wealth/gift
राधसः:
सम्बन्ध / Apādāna (contextual: 'from/for want of')
TypeNoun
Rootराधस्
आtowards; wholly
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ
मरीताdead; perished
मरीता:
Kartā/विशेषण (predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√मृ (मर्) + क्त (past passive participle) → मरीत
मघस्यof the bountiful one (Indra)
मघस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootमघ (also epithet of Indra: 'bountiful')
उत्up; forth
उत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत्
वावृषाणःgrowing strong; waxing in might
वावृषाणः:
Kartā (describing the subject, Indra)
TypeParticiple
Root√वृष् / √वृध् (Vedic intensive/iterative sense ‘to grow strong, to be vigorous’)
तविषीवpossessing strength; mighty
तविषीव:
Kartā/विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootतविषीवत् (from तविषी ‘strength, might’)
उग्राfierce; powerful
उग्रा:
Kartā/विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
अस्मभ्यम्to us
अस्मभ्यम्:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
दद्धिgive!
दद्धि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दा
पुरुहूतO much-invoked one (Indra)
पुरुहूत:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootपुरु-हूत (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय: ‘much-invoked’)
रायःof wealth; riches
रायः:
सम्बन्ध (with implied दान: ‘of wealth’)
TypeNoun
Rootराय्/राय (स्त्री. ‘wealth’)
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