Rig Veda 4.1.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 1, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.1
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
स चेतयन्मनुषो यज्ञबन्धुः प्र तं मह्या रशनया नयन्ति । स क्षेत्यस्य दुर्यासु साधन्देवो मर्तस्य सधनित्वमाप ॥
Transliteration
sá cetayán mánuṣo yajñá-bandhuḥ prá táṃ mahyā́ raśanáyā nayanti | sá kṣéty asyá dúryāsu sā́dhan devó mártasya sadhani-tvám āpa ||
Translation
彼は人を目覚めさせ、祭祀の縁者たらしめる。そこで人々は大いなる手綱をもって彼を前へと導く。彼はこの者の家々に住み、事業を成し遂げる――神は、死すべき者の獲得と成就のうちに、同伴の位を得る。
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चेतयन्(while) making aware / instructing
चेतयन्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootचेतय् (धातु; √cit/√cet ‘to perceive/awaken, make known’)
मनुषःof the man / of Manu’s (descendant)
मनुषः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक) → मनुष्य/मनुष् ‘man, human’
यज्ञबन्धुःthe ritual-kin / one related to the sacrifice
यज्ञबन्धुः:
कर्तृ (सः … यज्ञबन्धुः)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ-बन्धु (समास; यज्ञ + बन्धु)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मह्याby/with the Earth (Mahi)
मह्या:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) ‘earth; great one’
रशनयाwith a rein/rope
रशनया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootरशना (प्रातिपदिक) ‘rein, rope, girdle’
नयन्तिthey lead
नयन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु; √nī ‘to lead’)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
क्षेतिdwells
क्षेति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootक्षि (धातु; √kṣi ‘to dwell, inhabit’)
अस्यof him / his
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दुर्यासुin the houses/dwellings
दुर्यासु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्या (प्रातिपदिक) ‘house, dwelling’
साधन्accomplishing, prospering
साधन्:
कर्तृ (सः … साधन्)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootसाध् (धातु; √sādh ‘to accomplish, set right’)
देवःthe god
देवः:
कर्तृ (अप्पोजिशन to सः)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्तस्यof the mortal
मर्तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक) ‘mortal’
सधनित्वम्companionship / sharing the same abode
सधनित्वम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootसधनि-त्व (प्रातिपदिक; सधनि ‘sharing the same dwelling/seat’ + त्व)
आपattained
आप:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (धातु; √āp ‘to reach, obtain’)
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