Rig Veda 2.42.2: Mandala 2, Sukta 42, Mantra 2
Sukta 2.42
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava) (traditional)
Devata: Śakuni (omen-bird) with protective/apotropaic framing against hostile agents
Chandas: Jagatī (long, flowing pādas)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मा त्वा श्येन उद्वधीन्मा सुपर्णो मा त्वा विददिषुमान्वीरो अस्ता । पित्र्यामनु प्रदिशं कनिक्रदत्सुमङ्गलो भद्रवादी वदेह ॥
Transliteration
mā́ tvā śyéná úd vadhīn mā́ su-parṇó mā́ tvā vidád íṣu-mān vīró ástā | pitryā́m ánu pra-díśaṁ kaníkradat su-maṅgálo bhadrá-vādī vada iha ||
Translation
鷹が汝を打ち倒さぬように、強き翼の者が汝を攫わぬように、矢を持つ勇士が汝を的として見いださぬように。祖先の方角に従って鳴け。吉兆となり、ここに善き言葉を語れ。
Word by Word
माnot; lest
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) अव्यय
त्वाyou (acc. sg.)
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
श्येनःthe hawk
श्येनः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootश्येन
उद्वधीत्may (he) not strike/kill (you)
उद्वधीत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-√वध्
माlest
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) अव्यय
सुपर्णःthe fair-winged (bird)
सुपर्णः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसुपर्ण
माlest
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध) अव्यय
त्वाyou
त्वा:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
विदत्may (he) not find/come upon
विदत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (लभ्/ज्ञा) — here ‘find/come upon’
इषुमान्arrow-armed; having arrows
इषुमान्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootइषुमन्त्
वीरःa warrior
वीरः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
अस्ताthe archer
अस्ता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअस्तृ/अस्त (प्रातिपदिक: ‘archer’)
पित्र्याम्paternal; of the Fathers
पित्र्याम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृय (adj. ‘paternal, of the fathers’)
अनुalong; following
अनु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु
प्रदिशम्direction; region
प्रदिशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदिश्
कनिक्रदत्crying out; calling aloud
कनिक्रदत्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√क्रन्द् (कनिक्रद् = तीव्र/पुनरुक्त क्रन्दन)
सुमङ्गलःvery auspicious
सुमङ्गलः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-मङ्गल
भद्रवादीspeaking auspiciously
भद्रवादी:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootभद्र-वाच्/भद्र-वादिन्
वदेहspeak!; say!
वदेह:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वद्
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