Rig Veda 2.23.11: Mandala 2, Sukta 23, Mantra 11
Sukta 2.23
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (Bhārgava)
Devata: Brahmaṇaspati / Bṛhaspati
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अनानुदो वृषभो जग्मिराहवं निष्टप्ता शत्रुं पृतनासु सासहिः । असि सत्य ऋणया ब्रह्मणस्पत उग्रस्य चिद्दमिता वीळुहर्षिणः ॥
Transliteration
anānudó vṛ́ṣabho jagmí rāhávaṃ níṣṭaptā śátruṃ pṛ́tanāsu sāsahíḥ | ási satyá ṛṇayā́ brahmaṇaspata ugrásya cid damitā́ vīḷuhárṣiṇaḥ ||
Translation
ブラフマナスパティ（Bṛhaspati）、言（ことば）の主よ。汝は屈せぬ牡牛、内なる戦いの呼び声に応えて進み出で、敵を焼き尽くし、諸々の戦いに勝ち抜く。汝は真実なる者、正しき道を求むる者らの中を導き動かす者。荒ぶる力すら鎮める、強き者を歓喜させる奮い立たせの主よ。
Word by Word
अ॒ना॒नु॒दःnot-to-be-repelled; irresistible
अ॒ना॒नु॒दः:
Kartā (qualifier of वृृषभः) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-नानुद् (नानुद् < √नुद् ‘to push, drive’ with negation अ-)
वृष॒भःthe bull (strong one)
वृष॒भः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
जग्मिःhaving come; having gone forth
जग्मिः:
Kartā (co-referential with वृृषभः) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeVerb (participial) / Adjective
Root√गम् ‘to go’ (perfect/old perfect participial form)
आहवम्the battle; the challenge
आहवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआहव (आ-√ह्वा/√हू ‘to call’ → ‘challenge, battle-call’)
निष्टप्ताःscorching; burning down
निष्टप्ताः:
Kartā (qualifier) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootनि-√तप् ‘to heat, scorch’
शत्रुम्the enemy
शत्रुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
पृतनासुin battles
पृतनासु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपृतना (प्रातिपदिक)
सासहिःconquering; overpowering
सासहिः:
Kartā (qualifier) / Viśeṣaṇa
TypeAdjective (agentive verbal form)
Root√सह् ‘to overcome, conquer’ (intensive/perfect-like reduplicated form)
असिyou are
असि:
(Copula) links subject and predicate
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘to be’
सत्यःtrue; truthful
सत्यः:
Predicate (viśeṣaṇa of त्वम्/ब्रह्मणस्पते) / Kartā-complement
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋणयाone who exacts/settles debts; requiting (obligations)
ऋणया:
Predicate qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootऋणय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘debt/obligation’ → ‘having debts/owing’; Vedic epithet)
ब्रह्मणस्पतेO Lord of prayer (Bṛhaspati)
ब्रह्मणस्पते:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (compound prātipadika)
उग्रस्यof the fierce one
उग्रस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चित्even; indeed
चित्:
(Particle) emphasis/limitation
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (avyaya particle)
दमिताtamer; subduer
दमिता:
Kartā (predicate noun) / Viśeṣya
TypeNoun/Adjective (agent noun)
Root√दम् ‘to tame, subdue’
वीळुहर्षिणःof the strong-exulting one / of him who makes the strong rejoice
वीळुहर्षिणः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootवीळु-हर्षिन् (compound prātipadika; ‘strong/firm’ + ‘exulting/rousing’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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