Rig Veda 10.87.21: Mandala 10, Sukta 87, Mantra 21
Sukta 10.87
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
पश्चात्पुरस्तादधरादुदक्तात्कविः काव्येन परि पाहि राजन् । सखे सखायमजरो जरिम्णेऽग्ने मर्ताँ अमर्त्यस्त्वं नः ॥
Transliteration
paścāt purastād adharād udaktāt kaviḥ kāvyena pari pāhi rājan | sakhe sakhāyam ajaro jarimṇe ’gne martāṃ amartyas tvaṃ naḥ ||
Translation
後ろより、前より、下より、上より——王なるアグニよ、詩聖（kaví）、詩聖の力（kāvya）もて、周りをめぐりて守り護れ。友よ、朽ちゆく我らの友となれ。死なぬ者よ、汝は我ら死すべき者を守れ。
Word by Word
पश्चात्from behind; westward; afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात् (अव्यय) < पश्च (प्राचीन-प्रत्यय) / ‘पश्च’ (पश्चिमा-दिशा)
पुरस्तात्from the front; eastward
पुरस्तात्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्तात् (अव्यय) < पुरस्
अधरात्from below
अधरात्:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootअधर (प्रातिपदिक)
उदक्तात्from above; from the north
उदक्तात्:
Apādāna
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootउदक्/उदञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘उत्तर/ऊर्ध्व’)
कविःthe seer; sage (Agni)
कविः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
काव्येनwith poetic skill; by inspired poetry
काव्येन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootकाव्य (प्रातिपदिक) < कवि
परिaround; on every side
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पाहिprotect!
पाहि:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु) ‘रक्षणे’
राजन्O king! (O ruler!)
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सखेO friend!
सखे:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
सखायम्the friend (as object)
सखायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
अजरःunaging
अजरः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् कविः/अग्नेः)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-जर (प्रातिपदिक) < जर ‘जीर्ण/वृद्ध’
जरिम्णेto/for old age; to decay
जरिम्णे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootजरिमन् (प्रातिपदिक) < जर ‘जीर्णता’
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्तान्mortals
मर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त (प्रातिपदिक) < मृ ‘मरणे’
अमर्त्यःimmortal
अमर्त्यः:
Kartā (त्वम्)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअ-मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक) < मर्त्य
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःus; our
नः:
Sampradāna (पाहि—‘protect us’)
TypePronoun (enclitic)
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
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