Rig Veda 10.39.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 39, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.39
Devata: Aśvins (Nāsatyā)
Chandas: Jagati (probable for many Aśvin hymns; exact metrical confirmation needed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो वां परिज्मा सुवृदश्विना रथो दोषामुषासो हव्यो हविष्मता । शश्वत्तमासस्तमु वामिदं वयं पितुर्न नाम सुहवं हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
yó vām pári-jmā su-vṛ́d aśvinā rátho doṣā́m uṣásaḥ hávyo havíṣmatā | śaśvát-tamāsas tám u vām idáṃ vayáṃ pitúr ná nā́ma su-hávaṃ havāmahe ||
Translation
遍く巡り、操縦も麗しき汝らの車よ、アシュヴィン双神よ。夜にも暁にも、供物を携える献供者により招かるべきその車に向けて、われらはいまここに汝らを呼ぶ。父の名をもって呼びかけるがごとく、確かにして幸いなる祈請をもって。
Word by Word
यःwho (he/that which)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाम्of you two (to/for you two)
वाम्:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
परिज्माthe circuiting/roving one (i.e., the roaming chariot)
परिज्मा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपरि-ज्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘परि’ + ज्मन् ‘going/going around’)
सुवृत्well-rolling, well-turned
सुवृत्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-वृत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सु’ + वृत् ‘turning/rolling, well-turned’)
अश्विनाO Aśvins (you two horsemen)
अश्विना:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
रथःchariot
रथः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
दोषाम्night
दोषाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदोषा (प्रातिपदिक)
उषासःdawns
उषासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
हव्यःto be invoked, worthy of oblation
हव्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootहव्य (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to sacrifice/call’ से)
हविष्मताwith oblation, by means of offering
हविष्मता:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootहविष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
शश्वत्तमासःmost constant/everlasting
शश्वत्तमासः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootशश्वत्-तम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ever’ + तम-उत्तम)
तमुthat indeed (him/that)
तमु:
Karma
TypePronoun + particle
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + उ (एन्क्लिटिक निपात)
वाम्of you two
वाम्:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पितुःof the father
पितुः:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike, as
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
नामname
नाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सुहवम्good-to-invoke, auspiciously invoked
सुहवम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-हव (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well’ + √हू/√ह्वे ‘to call’)
हवामहेwe invoke, we call upon
हवामहे:
(predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√हू/√ह्वे (ह्वा) ‘to call, invoke’
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