Rig Veda 10.21.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 21, Mantra 5
Sukta 10.21
Rishi: Unknown from provided excerpt
Devata: Agni (with links to Vivasvat and Yama as associated powers)
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (uncertain)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अग्निर्जातो अथर्वणा विदद्विश्वानि काव्या । भुवद्दूतो विवस्वतो वि वो मदे प्रियो यमस्य काम्यो विवक्षसे ॥
Transliteration
agnír jā́to átharvaṇā vidád víśvāni kā́vyā | bhúvad dūtó vivásvato ví vo made priyó yámasya kā́myo vívakṣase ||
Translation
アグニはアタルヴァン（Atharvan）より生まれ、詩聖の霊知（kāvya）のすべてを見出した。彼はヴィヴァスヴァト（Vivasvat）の使者となり、われらの歓喜（mada）において、ヤマ（Yama）に愛され望まるる力として顕現せんと欲す—真の道にて魂を導く者として。
Word by Word
अग्निःAgni (the fire-god)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि- (प्रातिपदिक)
जातःborn, arisen
जातः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√जन् (जनि) → जात- (कृदन्त, क्त)
अथर्वणाby/through Atharvan
अथर्वणा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootअथर्वन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
विदत्found, discovered
विदत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विन्दति/वेद) → विदत् (लुङ्/इञ्जुन्क्टिव् 3sg)
विश्वानिall (things)
विश्वानि:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
काव्याpoetic/wise (works, utterances)
काव्या:
कर्म (विशेषण/अप्पोज़िशन to विश्वानि)
TypeNoun
Rootकाव्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवत्becoming, being
भुवत्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeParticiple
Root√भू → भुवत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ)
दूतःmessenger
दूतः:
कर्तृ (अग्निः के लिए विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत- (प्रातिपदिक)
विवस्वतःof Vivasvat (the shining one; often the Sun)
विवस्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootविवस्वत्- (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth, distinctly
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण (विवक्षसे के साथ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वःof you (your)
वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of you’)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)
मदेin exhilaration/rapture (often: in soma-joy)
मदे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootमद- (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रियःdear, beloved
प्रियः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय- (प्रातिपदिक)
यमस्यof Yama
यमस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootयम- (प्रातिपदिक)
काम्यःdesirable, wished-for
काम्यः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम्य- (प्रातिपदिक; from √कम्/काम ‘desire’)
विवक्षसेyou wish/intend to speak (forth)
विवक्षसे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootवि + √वच् → विवक्ष् (desiderative stem)
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