Rig Veda 10.155.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 155, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.155

Devata: Brahmaṇaspati (chief); expulsion of Arāyi/afflictive broodings

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

चत्तो इतश्चत्तामुतः सर्वा भ्रूणान्यारुषी । अराय्यं ब्रह्मणस्पते तीक्ष्णशृण्गोदृषन्निहि ॥

Transliteration

cattó itáś cattā́m utáḥ sárvā bhrūṇā́ny āruṣī́ | arāyyáṃ brahmaṇas pate tīkṣṇaśṛṅgodṛṣán níhi ||

Translation

「ここより追い払い、かしこより追い払え」――かくして、赤き胎動の群れことごとく散り失せよ。聖なる言（ブラフマン）の主ブラフマナスパティよ、坐して降り、鋭き角と鋭き眼をもって、その欠乏を打ち倒せ。

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Word by Word

• चत्तः: fallen down, cast down
• चत्तः: Kartā (as predicate of an implied subject) / descriptive
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: चद् (√चद्/छद् ‘to fall/decay’; here as past passive participle)

• इतश्: from here
• इतश्: Apādāna (source: ‘from here’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतः (इदम्-प्रातिपदिक; ablatival adverb)

• चत्ताम्: fallen down
• चत्ताम्: Kartā (as predicate of an implied feminine subject) / descriptive
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: चद् (√चद्/छद् ‘to fall/decay’; PPP)

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

• सर्वाः: all
• सर्वाः: Kartā (subject of an implied verb/nominal sentence)
• Type: Adjective (pronominal)
• Root: सर्व (sarva)

• भ्रूणानि: embryos, foetuses
• भ्रूणानि: Kartā (with ‘सर्वाः’ as collective subject) / or Karma depending on construal
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रूण (bhrūṇa)

• आरुषी: the ruddy one; reddish (female)
• आरुषी: Kartā (as apposition/epithet) / descriptive
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: आरुषी (āruṣī)

• अराय़्यम्: hostile, harmful (thing/force)
• अराय़्यम्: Karma (object to be struck/repelled)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अराय़्य (arāyya) < अराति/अराय (enemy, harm) + -य्य

• ब्रह्मणस्पते: O Lord of sacred speech (Bṛhaspati)
• ब्रह्मणस्पते: Sampradāna/Address (invoked deity)
• Type: Noun (vocative, deity name)
• Root: ब्रह्मणस्-पति (brahmaṇas-pati)

• तीक्ष्णशृङ्गः: sharp-horned
• तीक्ष्णशृङ्गः: Kartā (epithet of the addressed deity)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: तीक्ष्ण-शृङ्ग (tīkṣṇa-śṛṅga)

• दृशन्: seeing, beholding
• दृशन्: Kartā (epithet: ‘seeing’)
• Type: Participle
• Root: दृश् (√दृश् ‘to see’) → present participle

• निहि: put down, lay (it) down
• निहि: Kriyā (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (√धा ‘to put, place’) with नि-; Vedic imperative form