Rig Veda 1.53.7: Mandala 1, Sukta 53, Mantra 7
Sukta 1.53
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
युधा युधमुप घेदेषि धृष्णुया पुरा पुरं समिदं हंस्योजसा । नम्या यदिन्द्र सख्या परावति निबर्हयो नमुचिं नाम मायिनम् ॥
Transliteration
yudhā́ yúdhám úpa ghéd eṣi dhṛ́ṣṇu-yā purā́ púraṃ sám idáṃ haṃsy ójasā | námyā yád indra sákhyā parāváti nibárhayo námuciṃ nā́ma mā́yinam ||
Translation
戦から戦へと、汝はまことに大胆なる力で迫り進む。城から城へ、汝は威力をもって打ち砕く。遠き境において、友誼のしなやかな力によって、インドラ（Indra）よ、汝は魔術師ナムチ（Namuci）を打ち倒し――曲がりくねるものを倒れ伏させる。
Word by Word
युधाwith battle; by fighting
युधा:
Karaṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयुध् (धातु) / युधा (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
युधम्battle, fight
युधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (धातु) / युध्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘युध्’=युद्ध)
उपtowards, near
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
घindeed, just
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (निपात)
इद्surely, indeed
इद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद् (निपात)
एषिyou go; you advance
एषि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु ‘to go’)
धृष्णुयाwith boldness; daringly
धृष्णुया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधृष्णु (प्रातिपदिक ‘bold, daring’)
पुराformerly; before
पुरा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
पुरम्a fort; stronghold
पुरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुर्/पुर (प्रातिपदिक ‘fort, stronghold, city’)
सम्together; completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हंसिyou smite; you slay
हंसि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु ‘to strike, slay’)
ओजसाwith might; by strength
ओजसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक ‘strength, might’)
नम्याsubmissive; bendable
नम्या:
Kartā (of implied ‘are/ become’) / or Karma (as object of ‘nibarhaya’) contextual
TypeAdjective
Rootनम्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √नम् ‘to bend’ → ‘bendable/submissive’)
यदिif; when
यदि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सख्याfriendship; alliance
सख्या:
Karaṇa/Adhikaraṇa (contextual: ‘by/through friendship’ or ‘in friendship’)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक ‘friendship, alliance’)
परावतिin the far distance; in a distant region
परावति:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपरावत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘far away, distant region’)
निबर्हयःyou crushed; you overthrew
निबर्हयः:
—
TypeVerb
Rootनिबर्ह् (धातु; ni-√barh ‘to crush, press down, destroy’)
नमुचिम्Namuci (the demon)
नमुचिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनमुचि (प्रातिपदिक; demon-name)
नामby name; namely
नाम:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय/निपात)
मायिनम्the crafty; the deceitful (one)
मायिनम्:
Karma (as qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootमायिन् (प्रातिपदिक ‘possessing māyā, crafty’)
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