Rig Veda 9.46.3: Mandala 9, Sukta 46, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.46

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (in relation to Indra as beneficiary)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एते सोमास इन्दवः प्रयस्वन्तश्चमू सुताः । इन्द्रं वर्धन्ति कर्मभिः ॥

Transliteration

eté sómāsa índavaḥ práyasvantaś camū́ sutā́ḥ | índraṁ vardhanti kármabhiḥ ||

Translation

โสมะเหล่านี้—หยดอินทุผู้เปี่ยมด้วยแก่นแห่งเครื่องบูชา—ถูกคั้นลงสู่ภาชนะ (camu); ด้วยกรรม (karman) คือพิธีบูชาและวินัยภายใน พวกเขาย่อมเพิ่มพูนอินทรา (Indra)

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Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: विशेषणम् (इन्दवः इति) / कर्तृसम्बन्धी
• Type: Pronoun (demonstrative)
• Root: एतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• सोमासः: Soma (draughts)
• सोमासः: कर्तृ (वर्धन्ति इति) सह-सम्बन्धः
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (prātipadika)

• इन्दवः: drops (of Soma)
• इन्दवः: कर्तृ (वर्धन्ति) / सोमासः इत्यस्य समानाधिकरणम्
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (prātipadika)

• प्रयस्वन्तः: rich in nourishment/strength
• प्रयस्वन्तः: विशेषणम् (सोमासः/इन्दवः) / कर्तृसम्बन्धी
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रयस् + वन्त् (prātipadika; possessive adj.)

• चमू: the vat/trough (mixing vessel)
• चमू: कर्म (सुताः इति कृतान्तेन सह) / गन्तव्य-प्राप्त्यर्थः
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमू (prātipadika)

• सुताः: pressed
• सुताः: कर्तृसम्बन्धी विशेषणम् (सोमासः/इन्दवः) तथा ‘चमू’ प्रति सम्बन्धः (चमूं सुताः = pressed for/into the vat)
• Type: Participle (past passive) used adjectivally
• Root: √सु (सुनोति) → सुत (PPP; prātipadika)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: कर्म (वर्धन्ति)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• वर्धन्ति: they strengthen/increase
• वर्धन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृध् (वर्धते/वर्धति)

• कर्मभिः: by deeds/ritual actions
• कर्मभिः: करण (वर्धन्ति) — ‘by/with (ritual) acts’
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (prātipadika)