Rig Veda 9.97.40: Mandala 9, Sukta 97, Mantra 40
Sukta 9.97
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (cosmic aspect)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अक्रान्त्समुद्रः प्रथमे विधर्मञ्जनयन्प्रजा भुवनस्य राजा । वृषा पवित्रे अधि सानो अव्ये बृहत्सोमो वावृधे सुवान इन्दुः ॥
Transliteration
ákrānt samudráḥ prathamé vidhárman janáyan prajā́ bhuvánasya rā́jā | vṛ́ṣā pavítre ádhi sā́nó avyé bṛhát sómo vāvṛdhe suvā́na índuḥ ||
Translation
大海は進み出た、最初に法（ṛta）を打ち立てるその時に。生きものを生み出し、生成の王となって。雄牛のごとく濾し器の上に、羊毛の稜（さね）の上に、広大なるソーマは増し育った――搾り出されて生まれるインドゥ（Indu）よ。
Word by Word
अक्रान्त्(he) strode/stepped forth
अक्रान्त्:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootक्रम् (क्रमुँ) / प्र-क्रम्
समुद्रःthe ocean
समुद्रः:
Kartā (apposition to the subject, i.e., Soma as ‘ocean’)
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र (प्रातिपदिक) < सम्-उद्-दृ (etym.)
प्रथमेin the first (place/occasion)
प्रथमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
विधर्मन्in the ordinance/established order
विधर्मन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootविधर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) < वि-धृ (धारण/विधान)
जनयन्generating, begetting
जनयन्:
Kartā (agreeing with the main subject) / also indicates action toward object
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootजन् (जनँ) / जनयति (caus.)
प्रजाःcreatures, offspring
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
भुवनस्यof the world/existence
भुवनस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन (प्रातिपदिक) < भू
राजाking
राजा:
Kartā (apposition/title of the subject)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषाthe bull (the vigorous one)
वृषा:
Kartā (apposition/epithet of Soma)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
पवित्रेin/on the filter (sieve)
पवित्रे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपवित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अधिupon, over
अधि:
Adhikaraṇa (marks ‘upon/over’ with locative)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb/preposition)
Rootअधि
सानोon the ridge/summit (surface)
सानो:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसानु (प्रातिपदिक)
अव्येon the woollen (filter)
अव्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअवि (प्रातिपदिक) → अव्य (adj. ‘of sheep/woollen’)
बृहत्great
बृहत्:
Kartā (qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमःSoma
सोमः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
वावृधेhas grown, has increased
वावृधे:
Kriyā (main predicate of the clause)
TypeVerb
Rootवृध् (वृधँ) → ववृध् (reduplicated perfect)
सुवानःbeing pressed, being expressed
सुवानः:
Kartā (descriptive of Soma as being pressed/flowing)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootसु (सुनोति) / सुवा (PPP/part.)
इन्दुःthe bright drop (Soma)
इन्दुः:
Kartā (apposition to सोमः)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
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