Rig Veda 9.61.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 61, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.61

Rishi: As part of RV 9 Soma Pavamāna cycle; specific ṛṣi attribution requires Anukramaṇī confirmation.

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with Indraic victory-motif embedded in Soma’s action)

Chandas: Jagatī (to be verified metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

पुरः सद्य इत्थाधिये दिवोदासाय शम्बरम् । अध त्यं तुर्वशं यदुम् ॥

Transliteration

púraḥ sadyá ítthādhiye divodāsā́ya śámbaram | ádha tyáṃ turváśaṃ yáduṃ ||

Translation

彼はただちに、正しき思惟をもつディヴォダーサのために、妨げる堅固な城塞——シャンバラ——を打ち破る。ついでトゥルヴァシャとヤドゥ（抑えられた力）を解き放ち、存在の囚われた運動を放つ。

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Word by Word

• पुरः: forth; in front
• पुरः: Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: place/direction)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial use of nominal form)
• Root: पुरस् (prātipadika) < PIE *per- ‘forward/front’

• सद्यः: immediately
• सद्यः: Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: time)
• Type: Indeclinable (adverb)
• Root: सद्यस् (prātipadika) ‘immediate(ly)’

• इत्था: thus; in this way
• इत्था: Adhikaraṇa (adverbial: manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत्था (avyaya) ‘thus, in this manner’

• धिये: for the inspired thought/prayer
• धिये: Sampradāna (purpose/recipient: ‘for/unto the prayer/insight’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (f.) ‘thought, insight, prayer’

• दिवोदासाय: for Divodāsa
• दिवोदासाय: Sampradāna (beneficiary)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: दिवोदास (m., proper name) ‘Divodāsa’

• शम्बरम्: Śambara
• शम्बरम्: Karma (object)
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: शम्बर (m., proper name) ‘Śambara’

• अध: then; thereafter
• अध: (connective; no kāraka)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अध (avyaya) ‘then, thereafter, now’

• त्यम्: that (one)
• त्यम्: Karma (object; ‘that one’)
• Type: Pronoun/Determiner
• Root: तद् (pronoun) with enclitic/emphatic form त्य-

• तुर्वशम्: Turvaśa
• तुर्वशम्: Karma (object; apposition to त्यम्)
• Type: Noun (proper/ethnonym)
• Root: तुर्वश (m., tribal name) ‘Turvaśa’

• यदुम्: Yadu
• यदुम्: Karma (object; coordinated/appositional with तुर्वशम्)
• Type: Noun (proper/ethnonym)
• Root: यदु (m., tribal name) ‘Yadu’