Rig Veda 9.53.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 53, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.53

Devata: Soma Pavamāna (as battle-strengthener)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अया निजघ्निरोजसा रथसंगे धने हिते । स्तवा अबिभ्युषा हृदा ॥

Transliteration

ayā́ ní-jaghnír ójasā ratha-saṅgé dháne hité | stavā́ abíbhyuṣā hṛdā́ ||

Translation

この（力）によって、彼は力強く打ち倒した。戦車の衝突のただ中、戦利のために定められた戦いにおいて。われは恐れなき心もて彼を讃える。

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Word by Word

• अया: by this (one), with this
• अया: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अयम्/इयम्/इदम्

• निजघ्निः: the smiter, slaying (one)
• निजघ्निः: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb-derived (Participle/Noun-like)
• Root: हन् (धातु) with नि- (upasarga); kṛdanta: नि-√हन् → निजघ्नि-

• ओजसा: with might, by strength
• ओजसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथसङ्गे: in the chariot-encounter, in the clash of chariots
• रथसङ्गे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथसङ्ग (समास: रथ + सङ्ग ‘meeting/encounter’)

• धने: in the prize/booty, in the contest for wealth
• धने: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)

• हिते: set (as a stake), appointed (prize)
• हिते: अधिकरण
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: हित (कृदन्त/विशेषण; √धा ‘to place’ → हित ‘placed, set, appointed’)

• स्तवा: O praiser (singer)
• स्तवा: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: स्तु (धातु) → स्तव (कृदन्त/नामधातु-रूप); here as vocative of ‘praiser’

• अबिभ्युषा: with (one) not fearing / fearlessly
• अबिभ्युषा: करण
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: भि (धातु) with intensive/reduplicated aorist/participle base: अ- + बि-भ्युष- (Vedic); from √भि ‘to fear’

• हृदा: with the heart, in heart
• हृदा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृद् (प्रातिपदिक)