Rig Veda 9.10.5: Mandala 9, Sukta 10, Mantra 5
Sukta 9.10
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (with strong solar/dawn associations: Vivasvat, Uṣas, Bhaga)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आपानासो विवस्वतो जनन्त उषसो भगम् । सूरा अण्वं वि तन्वते ॥
Transliteration
āpānā́so vivásvato jánanta uṣásaḥ bhágam | sūrā́ áṇvaṃ ví tanvate ||
Translation
彼らはヴィヴァスヴァト（Vivasvat）の輝きを深く飲み、ウシャス（Uṣas）—暁の—福分を生み出す。光ある者たちは微細な糸を広げ、存在のうちに精妙なる光の道を延べひろげる。
Word by Word
अपानासःthe Apānas (a class of beings/streams; here as agents)
अपानासः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअपान (प्रातिपदिक) < अप् (जल) + आन (प्रत्यय/विस्तार) ; वैदिक बहुवचन-प्रयोग
विवस्वतःof Vivasvat (the shining one; Sun)
विवस्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootविवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वस्/√भास् (दीप्तौ) ‘shining’
जनन्तेthey beget / generate
जनन्ते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनने)
उषसःthe dawns
उषसः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √वस्/√उष् (उष्णे/प्रभाते) ‘dawn’
भगम्Bhaga / the bounty (portion, good fortune)
भगम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभग (प्रातिपदिक) ‘share, bounty, fortune’
सूराःthe heroes / the strong ones
सूराः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootसूर (प्रातिपदिक) ‘strong/heroic; (also) sun-like’
अण्वम्the subtle (thread/line), the fine course
अण्वम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used as noun)
Rootअणु/अण्व (प्रातिपदिक) ‘fine, subtle; narrow’ (वैदिक रूप: अण्व)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तन्वतेthey stretch out / extend
तन्वते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√तन् (विस्तारे)
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