Rig Veda 8.49.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 49, Mantra 5

Sukta 8.49

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva family)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; requires metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ नः स्तोममुप द्रवद्धियानो अश्वो न सोतृभिः । यं ते स्वधावन्त्स्वदयन्ति धेनव इन्द्र कण्वेषु रातयः ॥

Transliteration

ā naḥ stómam úpa drávad dhiyānáḥ áśvo na sotṛ́bhiḥ | yáṃ te svadhāvans svadáyanti dhenáva índra káṇveṣu rātáyaḥ ||

Translation

思いに駆られて、われらの讃歌へと駆け来たれ、搾り手とともに走る駿馬のごとく。自力に富むインドラよ、養う乳の流れがそれを甘くする——カンヴァのうちに目覚める贈り物が。

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Word by Word

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga)

• नः: of us / for us
• नः: Sampradāna (beneficiary/for us)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• स्तोमम्: hymn of praise
• स्तोमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोम (prātipadika)

• उप: near, up to
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (upasarga)

• द्रवत्: running, hastening
• द्रवत्: Kartā (with implied subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्रु (धावने/गत्यर्थः)

• धियानः: thinking, inspired (in mind)
• धियानः: Kartā (qualifier of the runner)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: धी (prātipadika) / ध्यै (dhātu, ‘to think/meditate’)

• अश्वः: a horse
• अश्वः: Kartā (simile-base)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (prātipadika)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• सोतृभिः: by the Soma-pressers
• सोतृभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोतृ (prātipadika; agent-noun from √सु ‘to press Soma’)

• यम्: whom / which
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्

• ते: of you, your
• ते: Sampradāna/Śeṣa (possessor: ‘thy’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्

• स्वधावन्त्स्वदयन्ति: (the) svadhā-possessing (ones) enjoy/sweeten
• स्वधावन्त्स्वदयन्ति: Kartā (subject: the cows) + Kriyā
• Type: Adjective + Verb
• Root: स्वधा-वन् (adj.) + √स्वद् (to taste/enjoy)

• धेनवः: cows
• धेनवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (prātipadika)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• कण्वेषु: among the Kaṇvas
• कण्वेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: कण्व (prātipadika)

• रातयः: gifts, bestowals
• रातयः: Kartā (appositional/collective subject, ‘gifts’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राति (prātipadika)