Rig Veda 8.45.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 45, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.45
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यच्छुश्रूया इमं हवं दुर्मर्षं चक्रिया उत । भवेरापिर्नो अन्तमः ॥
Transliteration
yác chuśrūyā́ imáṃ hávaṃ durmárṣaṃ cakriyā́ utá | bháver ā́pir no ántamaḥ ||
Translation
もし汝がこの呼びかけ――抗しがたきもの――をまことに聞き、そして行為するならば、われらにとりて最も近き庇護、最も親しき帰依処となれ。
Word by Word
यत्that which / since
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (अव्यक्त-सम्बन्ध)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
शुश्रूयाःmay you hear / should you listen
शुश्रूयाः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः: ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु) ‘to hear’
इमम्this
इमम्:
कर्म (हवम् इति विशेषण)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हवम्invocation, call
हवम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहव (प्रातिपदिक) < √ह्वे/√हू ‘to call, invoke’
दुर्मर्षम्hard to withstand, irresistible
दुर्मर्षम्:
कर्म-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) = दुर्- + मर्ष ‘endurance/forbearance’
चक्रियाःmay you do / may you accomplish
चक्रियाः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः: ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु) ‘to do, make’ (Vedic desiderative/iterative formation चक्रि-)
उतand, also
उत:
सम्बन्धक (and/also)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
भवेःmay you be / may you become
भवेः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः: ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु) ‘to be, become’
रापिःhelp, protection, bounty
रापिः:
कर्तृ/प्रधानीय-नाम (भवेः इत्यस्य पूरकः: ‘(त्वम्) रापिः भवेः’)
TypeNoun
Rootरापि (प्रातिपदिक) (RV: ‘help, bounty, protection/aid’)
नःof us, our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (our)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अन्तमःnearest, most intimate
अन्तमः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण/पूरक-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तम (प्रातिपदिक) (superlative) < अन्त ‘end/near’
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