Rig Veda 8.44.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 44, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.44

Devata: Agni

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत्ते बृहन्तो अर्चयः समिधानस्य दीदिवः । अग्ने शुक्रास ईरते ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 8.44.4

Transliteration

út te bṛhánto arcáyaḥ samidhāná­sya dīdivaḥ | agne śukrā́sa īrate ||

Translation

汝が点ぜられ、輝き燃ゆるとき、アグニよ、汝の大いなる炎の光は上へと立ちのぼる。汝の清らかな光の力は湧き起こり、働き出す。

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Word by Word

• उत्: up; forth; indeed
• उत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• ते: of you; your
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहन्तः: the great ones
• बृहन्तः: कर्तृ (of ‘अर्चयः’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: बृहन्त् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; < बृह् ‘to grow, be great’)

• अर्चयः: praisers; singers (of praise)
• अर्चयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्चि/अर्च् (धातु ‘to praise, sing’); here noun from √अर्च्

• समिधानस्य: of the kindled (one); of the kindling (fire)
• समिधानस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation with ‘दीदिवः’/context)
• Type: Participle (adjectival) used as noun-genitive
• Root: सम्-इध् (धातु ‘to kindle’) → समिधान (कृदन्त, शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय) ‘being kindled’

• दीदिवः: the shining ones; the radiant (praisers)
• दीदिवः: कर्तृ (of implied/understood action with preceding phrase) / apposition to ‘बृहन्तः अर्चयः’
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: दीदिवस् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक; from √दीप्/√दिव् ‘to shine’ with reduplication, ‘shining, radiant’)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• शुक्रासः: the bright ones; the shining (flames/rays)
• शुक्रासः: कर्तृ (of ‘ईरते’)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: शुक्र (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक ‘bright, pure, shining’)

• ईरते: they rise; they are set in motion
• ईरते: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर्/इर् (धातु; Vedic: ‘to set in motion, to rise, to hasten’)