Rig Veda 8.2.35: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 35

Sukta 8.2

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Jagatī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रभर्ता रथं गव्यन्तमपाकाच्चिद्यमवति । इनो वसु स हि वोळ्हा ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 8.2.35

Transliteration

prábhārtā ráthaṃ gavyántam apākā́c cid yám ávati | inó vásu sá hí voḷ́hā ||

Translation

彼は光（牛）を求める戦車を前へと進め、遠く離れていても、愛し選ぶ者を守護する。強き者、善き宝——まことに彼は担い手、われらを運び渡す者。

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Word by Word

• प्रभर्ता: the bearer/driver (one who carries forth)
• प्रभर्ता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: प्र-√भृ (भृञ् धारणे) / प्रभर्तृ- (कर्तृ-प्रातिपदिक)

• रथम्: the chariot
• रथम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-

• गव्यन्तम्: cow-seeking, rich in/aimed at cattle
• गव्यन्तम्: कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective (participial stem)
• Root: गव्यन्त- (गो + -यन्त, ‘seeking/coveting cows’)

• अपाकात्: from afar, away
• अपाकात्: अपादान
• Type: Indeclinable/Adverbial (ablatival form)
• Root: अप + आ + √कॄ/√कृ? (Vedic: अपाक ‘away, from afar’ as ablative)

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• यम्: whom
• यम्: कर्म (अवति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्- (सर्वनाम)

• अवति: protects, helps
• अवति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√अव् (अव रक्षणे/पालने)

• इनो: the strong one, the vigorous (one)
• इनो: कर्तृ (द्वितीयपादे)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: इन- (Vedic adj./noun ‘strong, vigorous’; also used as epithet)

• वसु: wealth, good (treasure)
• वसु: कर्म/विधेय (स हि … इति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु-

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्- (सर्वनाम)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• वः: for you / of you
• वः: सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (contextual: ‘for you/of you’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्- (सर्वनाम)

• वोळ्हा: the carrier, the one who conveys (driver/bearer)
• वोळ्हा: कर्तृ (सः … वोळ्हा)
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: वह्- (√वह् वहने) → वोळ्हृ- (Vedic agent noun; from PPP/agentive formation)