Rig Veda 7.8.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 8, Mantra 3
Sukta 7.8
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify by scansion)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कया नो अग्ने वि वसः सुवृक्तिं कामु स्वधामृणवः शस्यमानः । कदा भवेम पतयः सुदत्र रायो वन्तारो दुष्टरस्य साधोः ॥
Transliteration
kayā́ no agne ví vasah suvṛktíṃ kā́m u svadhā́m ṛṇavaḥ śasyámānaḥ | kadā́ bhavema pátayaḥ sudatra rāyó vantā́ro duṣṭárasya sādhóḥ ||
Translation
アグニよ、いかなる道によって、われらのために完全なる讃歌（suvṛkti）を開き給うのか。いかなる願いによって、讃えられつつあるわれらに自法（svadhā）を授け給うのか。善き施与者よ、いつわれらは主となり、富（rāyas）の享受者—越え難き成就（sādhu）を征服する者—となるであろうか。
Word by Word
कयाby which? (by what means?)
कया:
करण
TypePronoun/Interrogative adjective
Rootक (किम्-प्रातिपदिक) + या (स्त्री.)
नःfor us / our
नः:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
विapart, forth, distinctly
वि:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootवि
वसःwealth, good
वसः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
सुवृक्तिम्a well-made hymn/utterance
सुवृक्तिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसु-वृक्ति (वृक्ति < √वृज्/√वृच् ‘to arrange/compose’; स्त्री.)
कामुhow indeed? / in what way, pray?
कामु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकामु (निपात/प्रश्नार्थक) अथवा ‘किम् + उ’
स्वधाम्(your) own power/ordinance; स्वधा
स्वधाम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा
ऋणवःyou accomplish / you bring about
ऋणवः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ऋ (ऋणोति ‘to set in motion/attain/bring about’; Vedic)
शस्यमानःbeing praised
शस्यमानः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण) / अधिकरण
TypeParticiple
Root√शंस् (to praise) → शस्यमान (present passive participle)
कदाwhen?
कदा:
अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदा
भवेमmay we become
भवेम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√भू
पतयःlords, masters
पतयः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootपति
सुदत्रO good giver
सुदत्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (used as vocative) / epithet
Rootसु-दत्र (दत्र < √दा ‘to give’; ‘good-giver’)
रायःof wealth
रायः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootरायि/राय (wealth)
वन्तारःwinners, gainers
वन्तारः:
कर्ता
TypeNoun
Rootवन्तृ (agent noun from √वन् ‘to win’)
दुष्टरस्यof the hard-to-overcome
दुष्टरस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्टर (दुर्- + √तॄ/√तॄ ‘to cross’; ‘hard to overcome’)
साधोःof the good (one/thing); of the right course
साधोः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसाधु
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