Rig Veda 5.41.16: Mandala 5, Sukta 41, Mantra 16
Sukta 5.41
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (verse-level certainty: medium)
Devata: Maruts (with apotropaic mention of Ahi Budhnya as a hostile power to be averted)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verification recommended)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
कथा दाशेम नमसा सुदानूनेवया मरुतो अच्छोक्तौ प्रश्रवसो मरुतो अच्छोक्तौ । मा नोऽहिर्बुध्न्यो रिषे धादस्माकं भूदुपमातिवनिः ॥
Transliteration
kathā dāśema námasā su-dānūn eváyā marúto ácchoktau práśravaso marúto ácchoktau | mā no áhīr budhnyó riṣé dhād asmā́kaṃ bhūd upamātivániḥ ||
Translation
いかにしてわれらは礼拝の供物を、真なる呼び声によって来たる寛大なるマルット（Maruts）に捧げようか—遠くを聞き取るマルットよ、澄みわたる祈請に応じて来たる者たちよ。深みの蛇がわれらを害で打ちませんように。われらの克服の力と、量り定める統御とが、われらにとって効力あるものとなりますように。
Word by Word
कथाhow?
कथा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथा (प्रश्नाव्यय)
दाशेमmay we worship/offer
दाशेम:
Kartā (अहम्-वयम्)
TypeVerb
Root√दाश् (दाशति/दाशते) ‘दान/पूजा’
नमसाwith reverence, by homage
नमसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनमस्
सुदानून्the generous ones (bounteous givers)
सुदानून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसु-दानु (प्रातिपदिक: सुदानु) अथवा सुदानु- (बहुव्रीहि) ‘उदार-दान’
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अवयाwith help/protection
अवया:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअव (अवस्/अवा) ‘रक्षा, सहायता’
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Kartā/सम्बोधनार्थ (देवता)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
अच्छtowards
अच्छ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छ
उक्तौin/at the hymn (utterance)
उक्तौ:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउक्ति
प्रश्रवसःof far-famed glory
प्रश्रवसः:
Viśeṣaṇa of मरुतः
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootप्र-श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘प्रख्यात/प्रशंसनीय-यशस्’
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Kartā/सम्बोधनार्थ (देवता)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
अच्छtowards
अच्छ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छ
उक्तौin/at the hymn
उक्तौ:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउक्ति
माdo not
मा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
नःus/our
नः:
Sampradāna/सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
अहिःthe serpent
अहिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअहि
बुध्न्यःof the deep/abyssal (dwelling below)
बुध्न्यः:
Viśeṣaṇa of अहिः
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootबुध्न्य (प्रातिपदिक) ‘बुध्न-सम्बन्धी, गभीर/अधोवासी’
रिषेmay (he) harm
रिषे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√रिष् (रिषति) ‘हानि/क्षति’
धात्may he place/inflict
धात्:
Kartā (अहिः)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (दधाति) ‘स्थापना/करण’
अस्माकम्of us, our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
भूत्may it be
भूत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति) ‘भव’
उपमातिवनिःa surpassing protection/aid (lit. ‘over-measuring’ help)
उपमातिवनिः:
Kartā/विधेय
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootउप-मा-ति-वनि (समास/प्रातिपदिक; ‘उपमा’ + ‘अतिवनि/वनि’), वेदिक-विशेषण
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