Rig Veda 4.7.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 7, Mantra 8
Sukta 4.7
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional)
Devata: Agni (Dūta)
Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
वेरध्वरस्य दूत्यानि विद्वानुभे अन्ता रोदसी संचिकित्वान् । दूत ईयसे प्रदिव उराणो विदुष्टरो दिव आरोधनानि ॥
Transliteration
véḥ adhvarásya dūtyā́ni vidvā́n ubhé antā́ ródasī sam-cikitvā́n | dūtá ī́yase pra-díva urāṇó vidúṣ-ṭaro divá ā́-rodhanā́ni ||
Translation
汝は祭祀（adhvara）の使節の務めを知り、天と地（rodasī）その両端を見極めた。汝は使者として進み、光輝の高みより広く翔ける。最も知に勝れ、天の昇り路と通い路を知る者よ。
Word by Word
वेर्(you) ward off / avert / choose (Vedic)
वेर्:
(मुख्य क्रिया) —
TypeVerb (injunctive/imperative-like, Vedic)
Rootवेर् (धातु; √ver/√vṛ? वैदिक: ‘वेर्’ = ‘वृ/वेर्’ ‘to choose/ward off’—पदपाठे ‘वेर्’ इति अव्यक्त-धातुरूपम्)
अध्वरस्यof the sacrifice (adhvara)
अध्वरस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
दूत्यानिthe missions / acts of a messenger
दूत्यानि:
कर्म (object of knowing/performing) / विधेय
TypeNoun
Rootदूत्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दूत’ से भाव/कर्म)
विद्वान्knowing, wise
विद्वान्:
कर्तृ (agent, describing the subject)
TypeAdjective (participial)
Root√विद् (ज्ञाने) → विद्वस् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
उभेboth
उभे:
कर्म/विषय (the two as object/extent)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अन्ताthe two ends / limits
अन्ता:
कर्म (extent: ‘both ends’)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
रोदसीthe two worlds (heaven and earth)
रोदसी:
अधिकारण/विषय (the two worlds as domain)
TypeNoun (dual tantum)
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावापृथिव्यौ)
संचिकित्वान्having well understood / being fully aware
संचिकित्वान्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (perfect participle, Vedic)
Root√चित् (चेतने/ज्ञाने) + सम्; परिपूर्ण-कृदन्त ‘चिकित्वांस्’ (परिप्रश्न/ज्ञातृ) → ‘संचिकित्वान्’
दूतःthe messenger
दूतः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदूत (प्रातिपदिक)
ईयसेyou go / you proceed
ईयसे:
(मुख्य क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√इ (गत्यर्थे) → ईयसे
प्रदिवःfrom the high heaven / of the fore-heaven
प्रदिवः:
अपादान/सम्बन्ध (from/of)
TypeNoun (compound/indeclinable prefix + noun)
Rootप्र + दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक ‘दिव्/द्यौ’)
उराणःswift, soaring
उराणः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootउराण (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक विशेषण ‘swift/soaring/ardent’)
विदुष्टरःmore knowing / most skilled
विदुष्टरः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective (comparative)
Rootविदुष् (√विद्) + तर (तुलनात्मक प्रत्यय)
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
आरोधनानिbarriers, enclosures, fastnesses (of heaven)
आरोधनानि:
कर्म/विषय
TypeNoun
Rootआ + √रुध् (आवरणे/रोधने) → ‘आरोधन’ (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
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