Rig Veda 4.58.7: Mandala 4, Sukta 58, Mantra 7
Sukta 4.58
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Ghṛta (as forceful current)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सिन्धोरिव प्राध्वने शूघनासो वातप्रमियः पतयन्ति यह्वाः । घृतस्य धारा अरुषो न वाजी काष्ठा भिन्दन्नूर्मिभिः पिन्वमानः ॥
Transliteration
síndhor iva prā́dhvane śū́ghanāso vā́ta-pramiyaḥ patayanti yahvā́ḥ | ghṛtásya dhā́rā aruṣó ná vājī kā́ṣṭhā bhindánn ū́rmibhiḥ pinvámānaḥ ||
Translation
シンドゥ（Sindhu）が前へ前へと進むように、鼻先鋭く迅く、風に駆られて飛ぶ――それら高く昂ぶる動きは。 ギー（ghṛta）の流れは、赤みさす駿馬、充溢の力のごとく、障りを打ち破り、波とともにふくらみ満ちる。
Word by Word
सिन्धोःof the river/stream
सिन्धोः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसिन्धु- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
प्राध्वनेon the forward path / in the course
प्राध्वने:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootप्राध्वन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
शूघनासःswift-nosed / swift-snouted (swift) ones
शूघनासः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootशूघनास- (प्रातिपदिक)
वातप्रमियःwind-driven / urged by the wind
वातप्रमियः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootवात- + प्रमिय- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास)
पतयन्तिthey fly, they speed
पतयन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु) → पतयति (णिच्/प्रयोजक-प्रयोग; here present)
यह्वाःmighty / impetuous ones
यह्वाः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootयह्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
घृतस्यof ghee (clarified butter)
घृतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootघृत- (प्रातिपदिक)
धाराःstreams, flows
धाराः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधारा- (प्रातिपदिक)
अरुषःruddy, tawny (one)
अरुषः:
कर्तृ (apposition)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअरुष- (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
वाजीa racer, steed; prize-winner
वाजी:
कर्तृ (upamāna)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजिन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
काष्ठाः(wooden) posts/logs; pieces of wood
काष्ठाः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठा- (प्रातिपदिक)
भिन्दन्splitting, cleaving
भिन्दन्:
कर्तृ (to पिन्वमानः)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootभिद् (धातु)
ऊर्मिभिःwith waves
ऊर्मिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऊर्मि- (प्रातिपदिक)
पिन्वमानःswelling, being impelled / in motion
पिन्वमानः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootपिव्/पिन्व् (धातु; ‘to swell, set in motion, impel’) → पिन्वमान (आत्मनेपद-प्रयोग)
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