Rig Veda 4.56.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 56, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.56
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for Mandala 4)
Devata: Dyāvāpṛthivī (Heaven and Earth)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
मही द्यावापृथिवी इह ज्येष्ठे रुचा भवतां शुचयद्भिरर्कैः । यत्सीं वरिष्ठे बृहती विमिन्वन्रुवद्धोक्षा पप्रथानेभिरेवैः ॥
Transliteration
mahī́ dyāvāpṛthivī ihá jyeṣṭhé rucā́ bhavatāṃ śucáyadbhir arkáiḥ | yát sīṃ váriṣṭhe bṛhatī́ viminván ruvád dhókṣā paprathānébhir eváiḥ ||
Translation
偉大なる天と地よ、ここにおいて汝らの第一の座にありて、清める讃歌の光によってわれらのために輝け。最高の広がりにおいて、広大なる者（大地）がその空間を測りひろげるとき、轟く牡牛（天）は増し広がる衝きによってそれらを展開した。
Word by Word
महीgreat, vast
मही:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण द्यावापृथिव्योः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) < मह् ‘महत्त्वे/वृद्धौ’
द्यावापृथिवीHeaven-and-Earth (the two worlds)
द्यावापृथिवी:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootद्यावापृथिवी (समासः: द्यावा + पृथिवी)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
ज्येष्ठेin the highest/foremost (place/state)
ज्येष्ठे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < ज्यायस् (वृद्धतर)
रुचाwith light, with radiance
रुचा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरुच् (प्रातिपदिक) < √रुच् ‘दीप्तौ/रुचौ’
भवताम्be (you two)
भवताम्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√भू ‘सत्तायाम्’
शुचयद्भिःwith purifying/brightening
शुचयद्भिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootशुचयत् (कृदन्त) < √शुच् ‘शौचे/दीप्तौ’ (णिच्)
अर्कैःwith hymns/songs of praise
अर्कैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that (which)
यत्:
— (सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable (relative) / pronoun form
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध/यत्-शब्द)
सीम्indeed, just, them
सीम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (enclitic particle)
Rootसीम्
वरिष्ठेin the most excellent (place/state)
वरिष्ठे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootवरिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < वर (श्रेष्ठ) + इष्ठ (तमप्)
बृहतीthe two lofty/great (ones)
बृहती:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहती (प्रातिपदिक) < √बृह् ‘वृद्धौ’
विमिन्वन्measuring out, meting out (expanding by measure)
विमिन्वन्:
Kartā (सहायक-कर्तृभावे)
TypeParticiple
Rootविमिन्वत् (कृदन्त) < वि + √मि/मिन् ‘मापन/विस्तार’ (वेदिक)
रुवद्धोक्षाthe bellowing milker (one who milks with a roar)
रुवद्धोक्षा:
Kartā (उपमान/विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeCompound (bahuvrīhi/karmadhāraya-like epithet)
Rootरुवत् (कृदन्त) < √रु ‘शब्दे’ + धोक्षा (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिक ‘दोहक/दुग्धकर्ता’ < √दुह् ‘दोहने’)
पप्रथानॆभिःwith those that have spread out/expanded
पप्रथानॆभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeParticiple
Rootपप्रथान (कृदन्त/भूतपूर्व) < √प्रथ् ‘विस्तारे’ (परस्मैपदी)
एवैःwith these very (ones/means)
एवैः:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun/particle-like nominal
Rootएव (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिक ‘एव’ = ‘एवम्/एव’), here as instrumental plural
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