Rig Veda 4.4.13: Mandala 4, Sukta 4, Mantra 13
Sukta 4.4
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama / Mamateya tradition (internal reference)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; requires verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ये पायवो मामतेयं ते अग्ने पश्यन्तो अन्धं दुरितादरक्षन् । ररक्ष तान्त्सुकृतो विश्ववेदा दिप्सन्त इद्रिपवो नाह देभुः ॥
Transliteration
yé pā́yavo māmateyáṃ te agne páśyanto andháṃ duritā́d árakṣan | rárakṣa tā́n sukṛ́to viśvávedā dípsanta íd ripávo nā́ha debhuḥ ||
Translation
汝の守護者らは、アグニ（Agni）よ、ママターの子を護り、盲なる隠れ処さえ見て、不幸より守りきった。万知なる者よ、汝は彼らを善き行いによって安らかに護った。敵どもが害せんと欲しても、ついに少しも成し得なかった。
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
पायवःprotectors, guardians
पायवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपायु- (prātipadika; from √पा ‘to protect’)
मामतेयम्Māmateya (Agni, descendant/son of Mamatā)
मामतेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootमामतेय- (patronymic prātipadika from ममता)
तेthey
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
(Sambodhana)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि- (prātipadika)
पश्यन्तःseeing
पश्यन्तः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Root√पश् (to see) → पश्यन्त् (present active participle)
अन्धम्the blind (one)/darkness
अन्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअन्ध- (prātipadika)
दुरितात्from distress/sin, from misfortune
दुरितात्:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootदुरित- (prātipadika)
अरक्षन्they protected
अरक्षन्:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष् (to protect)
ररक्षhe has protected / protected
ररक्ष:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष् (to protect)
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
सुकृतःthe well-doers, the pious
सुकृतः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootसु-कृत- (prātipadika)
विश्ववेदाO all-knowing one
विश्ववेदा:
(Sambodhana)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootविश्व-वेदा- (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa prātipadika; epithet of Agni)
दिप्सन्तःdesiring to harm, plotting
दिप्सन्तः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Root√दिप्स्/दभ्? (desiderative stem दिप्स- ‘wish to harm/deceive’) → दिप्सन्त् (present participle)
इत्indeed, just
इत्:
(Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद् (particle; Vedic form of ‘indeed/just’)
रिपवःenemies
रिपवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरिपु- (prātipadika)
नnot
न:
(Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle)
अहat all, indeed
अह:
(Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअह (particle; emphatic/asseverative)
देभुःthey deceived/harmed
देभुः:
(Kriyā)
TypeVerb
Root√दभ् (to deceive, injure) → देभुः
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