Rig Veda 4.31.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 31, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.31
Devata: Indra
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभी न आ ववृत्स्व चक्रं न वृत्तमर्वतः । नियुद्भिश्चर्षणीनाम् ॥
Transliteration
abhī́ na ā́ vavṛtsva cakráṃ na vṛttám árvataḥ | niyúdbhiś carṣaṇīnā́m ||
Translation
われらに向き直り、動く車輪のごとくわれらへと転がり来たれ、騎乗の者よ。諸民を駆り立てる「ニユト」(niyút、衝動の牽引)をもって軛(くびき)されて来たれ——神なる力が速やかに、秩序正しく到来するために。
Word by Word
अभीtowards, upon, over
अभी:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
नःfor us / our
नः:
Sampradāna (हितार्थे) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
आhither, towards; in
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
ववृत्स्वturn/roll (yourself) hither; come round
ववृत्स्व:
Kartā (त्वम्) / क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तते/वर्तयति) / √वृ (आवरणे) — वैदिक रूप ‘ववृत्स्व’
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
Karma (उपमेय/उपमान-प्रयोगे) / क्रियाविशेषणोपमायाम्
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र (प्रातिपदिक) < √चक्र/√क्रम्? (परम्परया ‘wheel’)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
वृत्तम्turned, rolled (round)
वृत्तम्:
Karma (उपमानस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively) / Past participle
Rootवृत्त (कृदन्त/विशेषण) < √वृत् (वर्तने) क्त
अर्वतःof the steed/horse
अर्वतः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the steed’
TypeNoun
Rootअर्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘steed/horse’
नियुद्भिःwith yoked teams; with harnessed steeds
नियुद्भिः:
Karaṇa (साधनम्) / सहचर्य
TypeNoun
Rootनियुत् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘yoking, team; (esp.) yoked steeds’
चर्षणीनाम्of the peoples, of men
चर्षणीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the peoples/men’
TypeNoun
Rootचर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘men, peoples’
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