Rig Veda 4.3.16: Mandala 4, Sukta 3, Mantra 16
Sukta 4.3
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (attributed for RV 4.3)
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एता विश्वा विदुषे तुभ्यं वेधो नीथान्यग्ने निण्या वचांसि । निवचना कवये काव्यान्यशंसिषं मतिभिर्विप्र उक्थैः ॥
Transliteration
etā́ víśvā vidúṣe túbhyaṃ vedho nīthā́ny agne niṇyā́ vácāṃsi | ní-vacanā kaváye kā́vyāny áśaṃsiṣaṃ matí-bhir vípra ukthaíḥ ||
Translation
ヴェーダ（配剤者）よ、アグニよ—汝は知る者—われは汝のために、これら一切の導きの道と秘められた言葉を織り成した。聖なる秘説の発語、そして詩人（カヴィ）にふさわしい詩的真理を、思念と霊感の讃歌（ウクタ）によって、われは宣言し讃えた。
Word by Word
ए॒ताःthese
ए॒ताः:
Karma (object of ‘विदुषे’ in sense ‘known/for the knower’)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootएतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
विश्वाःall
विश्वाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (prātipadika)
विदुषेfor the knowing one (the wise)
विदुषे:
Sampradāna (to/for the knower)
TypeParticiple (agent-noun)
Root√विद् (to know) → विद्वस् (kṛdanta, perfect participle ‘knowing’)
तुभ्यम्to you
तुभ्यम्:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma)
वेधःO wise one / O ordainer
वेधः:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootवेधस् (prātipadika; ‘wise/ordainer’, epithet)
नीथानिguidances, leadings, rites
नीथानि:
Karma (things: ‘guidances/rites’ offered/uttered)
TypeNoun
Rootनीथ (prātipadika; ‘guidances/leadings, rites’)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika)
निण्याhidden, secret
निण्या:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिण्य (prātipadika; ‘hidden, secret’)
वचांसिwords, utterances
वचांसि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (prātipadika)
निवचनाuttered formulations
निवचना:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवचन (prātipadika; ‘(well-)spoken formulations/utterances’)
कवयेto the seer/poet
कवये:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (prātipadika)
काव्यानिpoetic (works/utterances)
काव्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकाव्य (prātipadika)
अशंसिषम्irreproachable, unblameworthy
अशंसिषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Root√शंस् (to praise) with privative a-; desiderative/causative nuance in Vedic: ‘not-to-be-blamed/irreproachable’ used as adjective; prātipadika अशंसिष्/अशंसिष (Vedic)
मतिभिःwith thoughts/intentions
मतिभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमति (prātipadika)
विप्रःthe inspired priest/poet
विप्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (prātipadika)
उक्थैःwith hymns/recitations
उक्थैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउक्थ (prātipadika)
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