Rig Veda 4.22.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 22, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.22
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो देवो देवतमो जायमानो महो वाजेभिर्महद्भिश्च शुष्मैः । दधानो वज्रं बाह्वोरुशन्तं द्याममेन रेजयत्प्र भूम ॥
Transliteration
yó devó devátamo jā́yamāno mahó vājébhir mahádbhiś ca śúṣmaiḥ | dádhāno vájraṃ bāhvór uśántaṃ dyā́m aména rejáyat prá bhū́ma ||
Translation
生まれながらにして神々の中の最も神なる神——大いなる力の充溢と猛き衝迫とによりて偉大なる者。望ましき金剛（vajra）を両腕に携え、天を震わせ、地を湧き立たせた。
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्तृ; यः = सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवःthe god
देवः:
Kartā (यः देवः …) सहसम्बन्धः
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-
देवत॑मःmost divine, best of gods
देवत॑मः:
Viśeṣaṇa (देवस्य) / Kartṛ-सम्बन्धी
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवत॑म- (देव + तमप्)
जाय॑मानःbeing born, coming into being
जाय॑मानः:
Kartā-विशेषणम् (देवः … जायमानः)
TypeParticiple
Root√जन् (जायते) → जायमान- (शतृ/शानच्, आत्मनेपद-वर्तमान कृदन्त)
म॒हःgreat (might/majesty)
म॒हः:
Karma (रेजयत् इत्यस्य; ‘महः’ = महान् प्रभावः/महत्त्वम्)
TypeAdjective (substantivized) / Noun-like
Rootमहत्- (नपुंसक-रूप: महः)
वाजे॑भिःwith prizes/strengths (vigor, powers)
वाजे॑भिः:
Karaṇa (महः … वाजेभिः) / साधनम्
TypeNoun
Rootवाज-
म॒हद्भिःwith great (ones)
म॒हद्भिः:
Viśeṣaṇa (वाजेभिः) / Karaṇa-संबद्धम्
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्-
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
शुष्मैःwith powers/impetuosities
शुष्मैः:
Karaṇa (महः … शुष्मैः) / साधनम्
TypeNoun
Rootशुष्म-
दधा॑नःbearing, holding
दधा॑नः:
Kartā-विशेषणम् (देवः … दधानः)
TypeParticiple
Root√धा (दधाति) → दधान- (शतृ, परस्मैपद-वर्तमान कृदन्त)
वज्रम्the thunderbolt
वज्रम्:
Karma (दधानः किम्? वज्रम्)
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र-
बाह्वोःin/of the two arms
बाह्वोः:
Adhikaraṇa/सम्बन्ध (बाह्वोः = in/on the two arms; ‘bearing in his two arms’)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु-
उशन्तम्desired, eagerly sought
उशन्तम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (वज्रम्) / Karma-विशेषणम्
TypeParticiple (used adjectivally)
Root√वश्/उश् (इच्छति/कामयते) → उशन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
द्याम्the heaven (sky)
द्याम्:
Karma (रेजयत् किम्? द्याम्)
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-रूप: द्याम्)
अमे॑नwith might, by strength
अमे॑न:
Karaṇa (अमेन् = by/with might)
TypeNoun
Rootअम- (वैदिक: ‘अम’ = बल/सामर्थ्य)
रेजयत्shook, made tremble
रेजयत्:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√रेज् (कम्पने)
प्रforth, forward, intensely
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र
भूम॑the earth
भूम॑:
Karma (रेजयत् किम्? भूमिम्) सह-समुच्चयः (द्याम् … भूमिम्)
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग; वैदिक संहितायां ‘भूम’ इति रूपम्)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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