Rig Veda 4.20.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 20, Mantra 1
Sukta 4.20
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for RV 4.20)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ न इन्द्रो दूरादा न आसादभिष्टिकृदवसे यासदुग्रः । ओजिष्ठेभिर्नृपतिर्वज्रबाहुः संगे समत्सु तुर्वणिः पृतन्यून् ॥
Transliteration
ā́ na índro dūrā́d ā́ na āsā́d abhiṣṭi-kṛ́d ávase yāsad ugráḥ | ójiṣṭhebhiḥ nṛ-pátir vájra-bāhuḥ saṃ-gé samát-su turváṇiḥ pṛtanyū́n ||
Translation
インドラよ、遠きよりわれらのもとへ来たれ、また近きより来たれ——確かな護りをなす、猛き者よ。最も強き力をもって、人々の主、ヴァジュラ（雷槌）を腕に担う者よ、戦いの衝突のただ中で、われらの進みに逆らう戦士らを速やかに打ち伏せたまえ。
Word by Word
आhither; towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga) / ā (nipāta)
नःof us; for us
नः:
Sampradāna (beneficiary/for us)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (prātipadika)
दूरात्from afar
दूरात्:
Apādāna
TypeIndeclinable (ablatival adverb)
Rootदूर (prātipadika)
आhither; towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (upasarga) / ā (nipāta)
नःto us; for us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
आसादत्may he come near; may he approach
आसादत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (sad) with ā- (आ√सद्)
अभिष्टिकृत्maker of help; bestower of aid
अभिष्टिकृत्:
Kartā (apposition to Indra)
TypeAdjective (agent-noun) / Epithet
Rootअभिष्टि (prātipadika) + √कृ (kṛ) (kṛt-compound)
अवसेfor aid; for protection
अवसे:
Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (prātipadika)
यासत्may he come; may he go hither
यासत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√या (yā) with ā- (आ√या)
उग्रःmighty; fierce
उग्रः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (prātipadika)
ओजिष्ठेभिःwith the strongest (powers/forces)
ओजिष्ठेभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootओजिष्ठ (superlative of ओजस्/उज्- ‘strength’)
नृपतिःlord of men
नृपतिः:
Kartā (apposition to Indra)
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति (nṛ-pati, prātipadika)
वज्रबाहुःhe whose arm bears the vajra; thunderbolt-armed
वज्रबाहुः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa epithet)
Rootवज्रबाहु (vajra-bāhu, prātipadika)
संगेin the encounter; in the clash
संगे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसंग (saṅga, prātipadika)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसमत्सु (samatsu, prātipadika; ‘battles’)
तुर्वणिःoverpowering; impetuous conqueror
तुर्वणिः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective/Noun (epithet)
Rootतुर्वणि (prātipadika)
पृतन्यून्the hostile fighters; battle-foes
पृतन्यून्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपृतन्यु (prātipadika)
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