Rig Veda 4.18.5: Mandala 4, Sukta 18, Mantra 5
Sukta 4.18
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अवद्यमिव मन्यमाना गुहाकरिन्द्रं माता वीर्येणा न्यृष्टम् । अथोदस्थात्स्वयमत्कं वसान आ रोदसी अपृणाज्जायमानः ॥
Transliteration
avádyam iva mányamānā guhā́ akar índraṃ mātā́ vī́ryeṇā ní-ṛṣṭam | áthod asthāt svayám átkaṃ vásāna ā́ rodasī́ apṛṇāj jā́yamānaḥ ||
Translation
母は彼をあたかも咎あるものと思い、インドラを隠れ処として、己が武威によって押し沈めた。しかるに彼は自ら起ち、鎧をまとい、出生するや、二つの世界—天と地—を満たした。
Word by Word
अवद्यम्a fault / blame
अवद्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअवद्य (प्रातिपदिक) < अव-√द्या/√द्यै (निन्दा/दोष) (निःसृत-भावे ‘दोष/निन्द्य’)
इवas if / like
इव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
मन्यमानाthinking / deeming
मन्यमाना:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√मन् (मन्यते) + शानच्
गुहाकरिthe cave-maker / one who makes (a place) hidden
गुहाकरि:
कर्म (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootगुहा (प्रातिपदिक) + √कृ (करोति) (समास/कृदन्त-प्रयोगः)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
माताthe mother
माता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
वीर्येणwith (her) strength / valor
वीर्येण:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
न्यृष्टम्driven down / pressed down
न्यृष्टम्:
कर्म (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeVerb (past participle)
Rootनि + √ऋष्/√ऋञ्ज् (आघात/प्रेरण) + क्त (भूतकर्मणि)
अथthen
अथ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (निपात)
उदस्थात्he stood up / arose
उदस्थात्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + √स्था (तिष्ठति)
स्वयम्by himself
स्वयम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (निपात)
अत्कम्a garment / covering
अत्कम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअत्क (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वस्त्र/आवरण’ इत्यर्थे वैदिक)
वसानःwearing / clothing himself
वसानः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√वस् (वसते/वसति ‘परिधान’) + शानच्
आforth / unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
रोदसीthe two worlds (Heaven and Earth)
रोदसी:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरोदसी (द्विवचन-प्रातिपदिक; द्यावापृथिव्यौ)
अपृणात्he filled
अपृणात्:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb
Rootआ + √पॄ (पृणाति ‘पूरयति’)
जायमानःbeing born / as he was being born
जायमानः:
कर्तृ
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√जन् (जायते) + शानच्
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